Steinberg Elizabeth A, Drabick Deborah A G
Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2015 Dec;46(6):951-66. doi: 10.1007/s10578-015-0534-2.
Research investigating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and co-occurring disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, anxiety, and depression has surged in popularity; however, the developmental relations between ADHD and these comorbid conditions remain poorly understood. The current paper uses a developmental psychopathology perspective to examine conditions commonly comorbid with ADHD during late childhood through adolescence. First, we present evidence for ADHD and comorbid disorders. Next, we discuss emotion regulation and its associations with ADHD. The role of parenting behaviors in the development and maintenance of emotion regulation difficulties and comorbid disorders among children with ADHD is explored. An illustrative example of emotion regulation and parenting over the course of development is provided to demonstrate bidirectional relations among these constructs. We then present an integrated conceptual model of emotion regulation as a shared risk process that may lead to different comorbid conditions among children with ADHD. Implications and directions for future research are presented.
研究注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）以及诸如对立违抗障碍、品行障碍、焦虑和抑郁等共病的研究越来越受欢迎；然而，ADHD与这些共病状况之间的发展关系仍知之甚少。本文运用发展心理病理学的视角，来审视童年晚期至青春期期间通常与ADHD共病的状况。首先，我们展示ADHD及共病障碍的证据。接下来，我们讨论情绪调节及其与ADHD的关联。探讨了养育行为在ADHD儿童情绪调节困难及共病障碍的发展和维持中的作用。提供了一个发展过程中情绪调节和养育的示例，以说明这些构念之间的双向关系。然后，我们提出一个情绪调节的综合概念模型，将其作为一个可能导致ADHD儿童出现不同共病状况的共同风险过程。还介绍了对未来研究的启示和方向。
