Lin Chunqing, Li Li, Ji Guoping, Jie Wu
Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Center for Community Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Anhui Provincial Center for Women and Children's Health, Hefei, China.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015 Oct;30(10):1041-7. doi: 10.1002/gps.4260. Epub 2015 Feb 6.
Globally, the number of older people living with HIV (PLH) is growing. Additionally, older PLH are facing particular challenges related to accessing health care. The objective of this study is to investigate the older PLH's access to care and its relationship to emotional and tangible social support.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 PLH who were 50 years of age or older in Anhui, China. A computer-assisted personal interview was used to collect the participants' demographic characteristics, perceived health status, and access to care. The following two dimensions of social support were measured: emotional support and tangible support. The association between emotional/tangible support and access to care was calculated using Pearson's/point-biserial correlations and with multiple linear regression.
Higher tangible support was reported by the participants who were married or living with a partner, those who had higher annual income levels, and those with better perceived health status. Emotional support was correlated with higher education, higher income, and better perceived health status. Multiple regression analyses showed that access to care was significantly associated with emotional support (β = 0.2807, p < 0.0001) but not with tangible support (β = -0.0183, p = 0.7922).
The study findings point to the importance of providing emotional support for older PLH. It is suggested that emotional support should be provided for older PLH in addition to tangible assistance, in order to engage them in treatment and care.
在全球范围内，感染艾滋病毒的老年人（PLH）数量正在增加。此外，老年艾滋病毒感染者在获得医疗保健方面面临特殊挑战。本研究的目的是调查老年艾滋病毒感染者获得医疗服务的情况及其与情感和实际社会支持的关系。
在中国安徽对225名年龄在50岁及以上的艾滋病毒感染者进行了一项横断面研究。采用计算机辅助个人访谈收集参与者的人口统计学特征、自我感知的健康状况和获得医疗服务的情况。测量了社会支持的以下两个维度：情感支持和实际支持。使用Pearson/点二列相关分析以及多元线性回归分析情感/实际支持与获得医疗服务之间的关联。
已婚或与伴侣同住、年收入水平较高以及自我感知健康状况较好的参与者报告了更高的实际支持。情感支持与更高的教育程度、更高的收入以及更好的自我感知健康状况相关。多元回归分析表明，获得医疗服务与情感支持显著相关（β = 0.2807，p < 0.0001），但与实际支持无关（β = -0.0183，p = 0.7922）。
研究结果表明为老年艾滋病毒感染者提供情感支持的重要性。建议除了提供实际援助外，还应为老年艾滋病毒感染者提供情感支持，以使他们参与治疗和护理。
