Joustra Sjoerd D, van der Plas Evelyn M, Goede Joery, Oostdijk Wilma, Delemarre-van de Waal Henriette A, Hack Wilfried W M, van Buuren Stef, Wit Jan M
Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Acta Paediatr. 2015 Jun;104(6):e271-8. doi: 10.1111/apa.12972. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
Accurate calculations of testicular volume standard deviation (SD) scores are not currently available. We constructed LMS-smoothed age-reference charts for testicular volume in healthy boys.
The LMS method was used to calculate reference data, based on testicular volumes from ultrasonography and Prader orchidometer of 769 healthy Dutch boys aged 6 months to 19 years. We also explored the association between testicular growth and pubic hair development, and data were compared to orchidometric testicular volumes from the 1997 Dutch nationwide growth study.
The LMS-smoothed reference charts showed that no revision of the definition of normal onset of male puberty - from nine to 14 years of age - was warranted. In healthy boys, the pubic hair stage SD scores corresponded with testicular volume SD scores (r = 0.394). However, testes were relatively small for pubic hair stage in Klinefelter's syndrome and relatively large in immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 deficiency syndrome.
The age-corrected SD scores for testicular volume will aid in the diagnosis and follow-up of abnormalities in the timing and progression of male puberty and in research evaluations. The SD scores can be compared with pubic hair SD scores to identify discrepancies between cell functions that result in relative microorchidism or macroorchidism.
目前尚无睾丸体积标准差（SD）分数的准确计算方法。我们构建了健康男孩睾丸体积的LMS平滑年龄参考图表。
采用LMS方法计算参考数据，该数据基于769名年龄在6个月至19岁之间的荷兰健康男孩的超声检查睾丸体积以及普拉德睾丸计测量结果。我们还探讨了睾丸生长与阴毛发育之间的关联，并将数据与1997年荷兰全国生长研究中的睾丸计测量的睾丸体积进行了比较。
LMS平滑参考图表显示，没有必要对男性青春期正常起始定义（从9岁至14岁）进行修订。在健康男孩中，阴毛分期SD分数与睾丸体积SD分数相对应（r = 0.394）。然而，在克兰费尔特综合征中，睾丸相对于阴毛分期较小，而在免疫球蛋白超家族成员1缺乏综合征中则相对较大。
经年龄校正的睾丸体积SD分数将有助于男性青春期时间和进展异常的诊断及随访以及研究评估。SD分数可与阴毛SD分数进行比较，以识别导致相对小睾丸症或大睾丸症的细胞功能差异。
