Green Christopher D, Feinerer Ingo, Burman Jeremy T
Department of Psychology.
Department of Psychology, Vienna University of Technology.
Hist Psychol. 2015 Feb;18(1):15-31. doi: 10.1037/a0038406.
This study investigated the intellectual structure of early American psychology by generating 3 networks that collectively included every substantive article published in Psychological Review during the 15-year period from the journal's start in 1894 until 1908. The networks were laid out so that articles with strongly correlated vocabularies were positioned close to each other spatially. Then, we identified distinct research communities by locating and interpreting article clusters within the networks. We found that, from the first 5-year time block to the second, psychological specialties rapidly differentiated themselves from each other. Between the second and third 5-year time blocks, however, the number of specialties shrunk. We discuss the degree to which this shift may have been attributable either to a change in the journal's editorship in 1904, or to a broader crisis of confidence, beginning that same year, in the use of "consciousness" as the discipline's defining concept.
本研究通过生成3个网络来探究美国早期心理学的知识结构，这3个网络共同涵盖了从1894年《心理学评论》创刊至1908年这15年间发表在该期刊上的每一篇实质性文章。这些网络的布局方式是，词汇相关性强的文章在空间上彼此靠近。然后，我们通过定位和解读网络中的文章集群来识别不同的研究群体。我们发现，从第一个5年时间段到第二个5年时间段，心理学专业迅速分化。然而，在第二个和第三个5年时间段之间，专业数量减少了。我们讨论了这种转变在多大程度上可能归因于1904年该期刊编辑的变动，或者归因于从同年开始的对将“意识”作为该学科定义概念的更广泛的信心危机。
