Benton Sally C, Seaman Helen E, Halloran Stephen P
NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Southern Programme Hub, 20 Priestley Road, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YS, UK,
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2015 Feb;17(2):428. doi: 10.1007/s11894-015-0428-2.
Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) reduces CRC mortality; many countries have implemented population-based CRC screening programmes and many more are poised to do so. Whilst several different CRC screening modalities are available, choice will be influenced by cost, available resources (e.g. high-quality colonoscopy) and acceptability of the test by the invited population. For CRC screening, no screening test has so far surpassed the practicality, affordability and effectiveness of tests for the presence of blood in faeces (faecal occult blood tests, FOBt). The results of several large FOBt-based randomised controlled trials provide the best clinical evidence to support their use in population-based CRC screening. This review considers the current options for CRC screening and the future for FOBt.
结直肠癌（CRC）筛查可降低CRC死亡率；许多国家已实施基于人群的CRC筛查计划，还有更多国家准备这样做。虽然有几种不同的CRC筛查方式可供选择，但选择将受到成本、可用资源（如高质量结肠镜检查）以及受邀人群对检测的接受度的影响。对于CRC筛查，迄今为止，没有任何筛查测试在实用性、可承受性和检测粪便中血液（粪便潜血试验，FOBt）的有效性方面超过粪便潜血试验。几项基于FOBt的大型随机对照试验的结果提供了最佳临床证据，支持其在基于人群的CRC筛查中的应用。本综述考虑了CRC筛查的当前选择以及FOBt的未来。
