Zmyj Norbert, Klein-Radukic Sarah
Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Infant Ment Health J. 2015 Mar-Apr;36(2):193-9. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21503. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
During the first months of life, infants switch from a preference for perfect contingent feedback to a preference for less-than-perfect contingent feedback of their own movements. This is an indicator of increasing social interest since others provide less-than-perfect contingent feedback whereas the self provides perfect contingent feedback. We presented 117 6-month-olds with real-time and delayed video feedback of self-performed leg movements and asked parents about difficulties in various socioemotional domains. It was hypothesized that the more infants prefer real-time and therefore perfect contingent feedback over 7 s delayed and therefore perceived noncontingent feedback, the more difficulties parents will report in interaction and communication with their child. Preference for real-time feedback was related to difficulties in interaction, but not to difficulties in communication. Implications of this finding for infants' socioemotional development and health are discussed.
在生命的最初几个月里，婴儿从偏好完美的即时反馈转变为偏好自己动作的不完美即时反馈。这是社会兴趣增加的一个指标，因为他人提供的是不完美的即时反馈，而自我提供的是完美的即时反馈。我们向117名6个月大的婴儿展示了他们自己腿部动作的实时和延迟视频反馈，并询问家长在各种社会情感领域的困难。假设婴儿越偏好实时反馈（因此是完美的即时反馈）而非7秒延迟反馈（因此是感知到的非即时反馈），家长报告在与孩子互动和沟通中遇到的困难就越多。对实时反馈的偏好与互动困难有关，但与沟通困难无关。本文讨论了这一发现对婴儿社会情感发展和健康的影响。
