Pourshahidi L K, Wallace J M W, Mulhern M S, Horigan G, Strain J J, McSorley E M, Magee P J, Bonham M P, Livingstone M B E
Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Monash University, Monash, VIC, Australia.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2016 Feb;29(1):26-37. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12295. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
Studies investigating obesity and cardiometabolic risk have focused on 'at-risk' populations and methodological inconsistencies have produced equivocal findings. The present cross-sectional study investigated indices of body composition as predictors of cardiometabolic risk and their relationship with inflammation in apparently healthy young adults.
A fasting blood sample was taken from consenting adults (160 males, 32 females, aged 18-40 years) for assessment of cardiometabolic risk markers (blood pressure, lipid profiles and insulin resistance) and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and adiponectin). Together with anthropometry, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. FM was expressed in absolute terms (kg), as well as relative to total body weight (%), height [FM index (FMI, kg m(-2) )] and FFM (FM : FFM,%).
Although anthropometric indices were associated with most cardiometabolic risk markers, the strongest relationship was observed with FMI. Relative to having a low cardiometabolic risk (≤2 markers above clinically relevant cut-offs), each kg m(-2) increase in FMI, increased the likelihood of having an increased cardiometabolic risk by 29% (odds ratio = 1.29; 95% confidence interval = 1.12-1.49). Inflammatory markers were not associated with body composition or cardiometabolic risk.
FMI was the strongest predictor of overall cardiometabolic risk but not inflammation per se. However, anthropometric indices, such as body mass index and waist-to-height ratio, remain valuable surrogate measures of adiposity in this group, particularly when risk markers are considered independently.
调查肥胖与心脏代谢风险的研究主要集中在“高危”人群，且方法上的不一致导致了结果模棱两可。本横断面研究调查了身体成分指标作为心脏代谢风险的预测因素，以及它们与明显健康的年轻成年人炎症的关系。
采集同意参与研究的成年人（160名男性，32名女性，年龄18 - 40岁）的空腹血样，以评估心脏代谢风险标志物（血压、血脂谱和胰岛素抵抗）和炎症标志物（C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-10和脂联素）。结合人体测量学，通过双能X线吸收法测定脂肪量（FM）和去脂体重（FFM）。FM以绝对值（kg）表示，也相对于总体重（%）、身高[FM指数（FMI，kg/m²）]和FFM（FM:FFM，%）表示。
虽然人体测量指标与大多数心脏代谢风险标志物相关，但与FMI的关系最为密切。相对于心脏代谢风险较低（高于临床相关临界值的标志物≤2个）的情况，FMI每增加1kg/m²，心脏代谢风险增加的可能性就增加29%（比值比 = 1.29；95%置信区间 = 1.12 - 1.49）。炎症标志物与身体成分或心脏代谢风险无关。
FMI是总体心脏代谢风险的最强预测因素，但并非炎症本身的预测因素。然而，人体测量指标，如体重指数和腰高比，在该组中仍然是肥胖的有价值替代指标，特别是在独立考虑风险标志物时。
