Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Jan 30;114(4):040402. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.040402.
We present a novel generic framework to approximate the nonequilibrium steady states of dissipative quantum many-body systems. It is based on the variational minimization of a suitable norm of the quantum master equation describing the dynamics. We show how to apply this approach to different classes of variational quantum states and demonstrate its successful application to a dissipative extension of the Ising model, which is of importance to ongoing experiments on ultracold Rydberg atoms, as well as to a driven-dissipative variant of the Bose-Hubbard model. Finally, we identify several advantages of the variational approach over previously employed mean-field-like methods.
我们提出了一种新的通用框架来逼近耗散量子多体系统的非平衡稳态。它基于描述动力学的量子主方程的合适范数的变分最小化。我们展示了如何将这种方法应用于不同类别的变分量子态，并成功地将其应用于伊辛模型的耗散扩展，这对于正在进行的超冷里德堡原子实验以及玻色-哈伯德模型的驱动耗散变体都非常重要。最后，我们确定了变分方法相对于先前使用的类平均场方法的几个优势。
