Kayani Sadaf, Ahmad Mushtaq, Sultana Shazia, Khan Shinwari Zabta, Zafar Muhammed, Yaseen Ghulam, Hussain Manzoor, Bibi Tahira
Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Apr 22;164:186-202. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.004. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: To best of our knowledge it is first quantitative ethno-botanical study from Alpine and Sub-alpine, Western Himalaya of Pakistan. The study aims to report, compare the uses and highlight the ethno-botanical significance of medicinal plants for treatment of various diseases.
A total of 290 (278 males and 12 females) informants including 14 Local Traditional Healers (LTHs) were interviewed. Information was collected using semi-structured interviews, analyzed and compared by quantitative ethno-botanical indices such as Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), Relative frequency of citation (RFC), use value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL) and Jaccard index (JI).
A total of 125 plant species (Gymnosperms 7 species, Monocotyledons 2 and 116 Di-cotyledons) belonging to 41 families are collected, identified and ethno-botanically assessed. The most dominant family is Ranunculaceae (20 species) followed by Rosaceae (14 species). In diseases treated, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) diseases have highest proportion (27.5%) followed by respiratory diseases (20%) in the mountain communities. The most dominant life form of plants used is herbs (78%) followed by shrubs (19%) while the most commonly used plant parts are leaves (44 reports) followed by underground part, the roots (37 reports). The highest ICF (0.68) is found for ear, nose and eye disease category followed by respiratory disorders (0.46). There are 15 medicinal plants having 100% FL. Use value (UV) and Relative frequency of citation (RFC) range from 0.03 to 0.53 and 0.04 to 0.23 respectively. In comparison, maximum similarity index is found in the studies with JI 19.52 followed by 17.39. Similarity percentage of plant uses range from 1.69% to 19.52% while dissimilarity percentage varies from 0% to 20%.
The Alpine and Sub-alpine regions of Pakistan are rich in medicinal plants and still need more research exploration. On the other hand, ethno-botanical knowledge in study areas is decreasing day by day due to high emigration rates resulting from after effects of wars during the last few decades. Historically developed ethno-botanical heritage should be preserved and promoted on global level for analyzing phytochemical, pharmaceutical and other biological activities for future drug discovery.
据我们所知，这是巴基斯坦西喜马拉雅山脉高山和亚高山地区的首次定量民族植物学研究。该研究旨在报告、比较药用植物在治疗各种疾病方面的用途，并突出其民族植物学意义。
共采访了290名信息提供者（278名男性和12名女性），包括14名当地传统治疗师（LTHs）。通过半结构化访谈收集信息，并采用信息提供者共识因子（ICF）、引用相对频率（RFC）、使用价值（UV）、保真度水平（FL）和杰卡德指数（JI）等定量民族植物学指标进行分析和比较。
共收集、鉴定并进行了民族植物学评估125种植物（裸子植物7种，单子叶植物2种，双子叶植物116种），隶属于41科。最主要的科是毛茛科（20种），其次是蔷薇科（14种）。在所治疗的疾病中，山区胃肠道（GIT）疾病所占比例最高（27.5%），其次是呼吸道疾病（20%）。所使用植物最主要的生活型是草本植物（78%），其次是灌木（19%），而最常用的植物部位是叶子（44次提及），其次是地下部分，即根（37次提及）。耳部、鼻部和眼部疾病类别的ICF最高（0.68），其次是呼吸系统疾病（0.46）。有15种药用植物的保真度水平为100%。使用价值（UV）和引用相对频率（RFC）的范围分别为0.03至0.53和0.04至0.23。相比之下，在研究中发现最大相似性指数为JI 19.52，其次是17.39。植物用途的相似百分比范围为1.69%至19.52%，而差异百分比则从0%至20%不等。
巴基斯坦的高山和亚高山地区富含药用植物，仍需要更多的研究探索。另一方面，由于过去几十年战争后遗症导致的高移民率，研究地区的民族植物学知识正在日益减少。历史发展起来的民族植物学遗产应在全球范围内得到保护和推广，以分析植物化学、药学和其他生物活性，用于未来的药物发现。
