Gholami-Boroujeny Shiva, Mekonnen Abeye, Batkin Izmail, Bolic Miodrag
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N6N5.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N6N5.
Brain Stimul. 2015 May-Jun;8(3):509-14. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2014.12.006. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
Transcranial direct current simulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has become increasingly popular as a potential therapeutic method for a variety of brain disorders. Since the treatment outcome may depend on the current density delivered to the brain cortical region, a significant challenge is to control the current dose reaching the cortical region.
This study aims to investigate the effect of temperature on current delivery to the brain. We devised a method for modulating the amount of current delivered to the brain by changing the temperature of the scalp. We developed analytical and numerical models that describe the relationship between temperature and electrical properties of the scalp based on the following mechanisms: ion mobility and blood perfusion in scalp.
The current delivery to brain was investigated by changing the temperature between two electrodes that are attached to the surface of the scalp, within a tolerable physiological range. Results show that by increasing the temperature between two electrodes, a higher portion of current is shunted via the scalp and the proportion of the current that penetrates the scalp and skull into brain is decreased. On the other hand, cooling the area between two electrodes on the scalp increases the current delivery to the cortical region of the brain. Our results show that cooling the scalp during tDCS can be considered as a possible way to effectively control the current delivery to the brain and increase the efficacy of tDCS.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是一种非侵入性神经调节技术，作为治疗多种脑部疾病的潜在方法已越来越受欢迎。由于治疗效果可能取决于传递到大脑皮质区域的电流密度，因此一个重大挑战是控制到达皮质区域的电流剂量。
本研究旨在探究温度对脑部电流传递的影响。我们设计了一种通过改变头皮温度来调节传递到脑部的电流量的方法。我们基于以下机制开发了描述头皮温度与电特性之间关系的分析模型和数值模型：头皮中的离子迁移率和血液灌注。
在可耐受的生理范围内，通过改变附着于头皮表面的两个电极之间的温度来研究脑部的电流传递。结果表明，通过提高两个电极之间的温度，更高比例的电流会通过头皮分流，穿透头皮和颅骨进入脑部的电流比例会降低。另一方面，冷却头皮上两个电极之间的区域会增加传递到大脑皮质区域的电流。我们的结果表明，在tDCS期间冷却头皮可被视为有效控制脑部电流传递并提高tDCS疗效的一种可能方法。
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