Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry, 90-92 Panduri Str., Bucharest 050657, Romania.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 May 1;514:459-66. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.082. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
Since 2011, the enantiospecific stable carbon isotope analysis (ESIA) has emerged as an innovative technique to assess the environmental fate of chiral emerging compounds by combining in one experimental technique both compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) and enantioselective analysis. To date, the ESIA was applied for four classes of compounds: α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), polar herbicides (phenoxy acids), synthetic polycyclic musk galaxolide (HHCB), and phenoxyalkanoic methyl herbicides. From an analytical point of view there are factors that are hindering the application of ESIA methods for the field samples: (i.e. amounts of target analyte, matrix effects, GC resolution) and overcoming these factors is challenging. While ESIA was shown as a mature technique for the first three abovementioned class of compounds, no isotope analysis of individual enantiomers could be performed for phenoxyalkanoic methyl herbicides. With respect to field studies, one study showed that ESIA might be a promising tool to distinguish between biotic and abiotic transformation pathways of chiral organic contaminants and even to differentiate between their aerobic and anaerobic biotransformation pathways. The development of ESIA methods for new chiral emerging contaminants in combination with development of multi-element isotope analysis will contribute to a better characterization of transformation pathways of chiral organic contaminants.
自 2011 年以来，对映体特异性稳定碳同位素分析（ESIA）已成为一种创新技术，可以通过将化合物特异性同位素分析（CSIA）和对映选择性分析结合在一个实验技术中，来评估手性新兴化合物的环境命运。迄今为止，ESIA 已应用于四类化合物：α-六氯环己烷（α-HCH）、极性除草剂（苯氧羧酸）、合成多环麝香内酯（HHCB）和苯氧烷酸甲酯除草剂。从分析的角度来看，有一些因素阻碍了 ESIA 方法在现场样品中的应用：（即目标分析物的数量、基质效应、GC 分辨率），克服这些因素具有挑战性。虽然 ESIA 已被证明是上述前三种化合物类别的成熟技术，但无法对苯氧烷酸甲酯除草剂进行个别对映异构体的同位素分析。就现场研究而言，有一项研究表明，ESIA 可能是一种有前途的工具，可以区分手性有机污染物的生物和非生物转化途径，甚至可以区分它们的好氧和厌氧生物转化途径。与多元素同位素分析相结合，开发用于新的手性新兴污染物的 ESIA 方法将有助于更好地描述手性有机污染物的转化途径。
