Hartwig P, Mützel W, Taenzer V
Fortschr Geb Rontgenstrahlen Nuklearmed Erganzungsbd. 1989;128:220-3.
Four nonionic contrast media (iohexol, iopamidol, iopromide, and iosimide) are compared in this clinical study in their pharmacokinetic behavior with an ionic reference preparation (meglumine diatrizoate). At a dose of 1 ml of contrast medium per kilogram of body weight with approximately the same iodine content, virtually no differences could be established in the pharmacokinetic behavior. The osmotic diuresis of the ionic substance, compared with that of the nonionic preparations--implies an increased osmotic diuresis, thus, a lower maximal iodine concentration in the urine. The elderly patients included in this study have a reduced glomerular filtration rate, which in turn implies a prolonged half-life in the blood and a retarded renal elimination.
在这项临床研究中，对四种非离子型造影剂（碘海醇、碘帕醇、碘普罗胺和碘西胺）与一种离子型参比制剂（泛影葡胺）的药代动力学行为进行了比较。在每千克体重给予1毫升造影剂且碘含量大致相同的剂量下，药代动力学行为几乎没有差异。与非离子型制剂相比，离子型物质的渗透性利尿意味着渗透性利尿增加，因此尿液中的最大碘浓度较低。本研究纳入的老年患者肾小球滤过率降低，这反过来意味着血液中的半衰期延长且肾脏清除延迟。
