Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2015 Apr;144(2):392-9. doi: 10.1037/xge0000059. Epub 2015 Feb 16.
This study investigated the automaticity of the influence of social inference on emotion recognition. Participants were asked to recognize dynamic facial expressions of emotion (fear or anger in Experiment 1 and blends of fear and surprise or of anger and disgust in Experiment 2) in a target face presented at the center of a screen while a subliminal contextual face appearing in the periphery expressed an emotion (fear or anger) or not (neutral) and either looked at the target face or not. Results of Experiment 1 revealed that recognition of the target emotion of fear was improved when a subliminal angry contextual face gazed toward-rather than away from-the fearful face. We replicated this effect in Experiment 2, in which facial expression blends of fear and surprise were more often and more rapidly categorized as expressing fear when the subliminal contextual face expressed anger and gazed toward-rather than away from-the target face. With the contextual face appearing for 30 ms in total, including only 10 ms of emotion expression, and being immediately masked, our data provide the first evidence that social influence on emotion recognition can occur automatically.
本研究考察了社会推理对情绪识别的自动影响。在实验 1 中，参与者被要求识别目标面部呈现时中央屏幕上的动态情绪表情（恐惧或愤怒），而在边缘呈现的潜意识上下文面部表达一种情绪（恐惧或愤怒）或不表达（中性），并且看向或不看向目标面部。实验 1 的结果表明，当潜意识中愤怒的上下文面部看向恐惧面部时，对恐惧目标情绪的识别得到了改善。我们在实验 2 中复制了这一效果，当潜意识上下文面部表达愤怒并看向而非远离目标面部时，混合了恐惧和惊讶的面部表情更常且更快地被归类为表达恐惧。在总共 30 毫秒的上下文面部呈现中，包括 10 毫秒的表情表达，并且立即被掩蔽，我们的数据首次提供了社会影响对情绪识别可以自动发生的证据。
