Deng Huan, Hu Ping
School of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China.
Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2018 Jan 4;8:2278. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02278. eCollection 2017.
Emotions are believed to converge both through emotional mimicry and social appraisal. The present study compared contagion of anger and happiness. In Experiment 1, participants viewed dynamic angry and happy faces, with facial electromyography recorded from the zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii as emotional mimicry. Self-reported emotional experiences were analyzed as emotional contagion. Experiment 2 manipulated social appraisal as the gaze of expression toward the target. The results showed that there was emotional contagion for angry and happy expressions both in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. Experiment 1 indicated an overt mimicry pattern for happy faces, but not for angry faces. Experiment 2 found an influence of social appraisal on angry contagion but not on happy diffusion. The two experiments suggest that the underlying processes of emotional mimicry and social appraisal are differentially relevant for different emotional contagion, with happiness processing following a mimicry-based path to emotional contagion, and anger processing requiring social appraisal.
人们认为情绪通过情绪模仿和社会评价这两种方式相互影响。本研究比较了愤怒和快乐的情绪感染。在实验1中，参与者观看动态的愤怒和快乐的面部表情，同时记录颧大肌和皱眉肌的面部肌电图作为情绪模仿。自我报告的情绪体验被分析为情绪感染。实验2将社会评价作为表情朝向目标的注视方向进行操纵。结果表明，在实验1和实验2中，愤怒和快乐的表情都存在情绪感染。实验1表明快乐的面部表情存在明显的模仿模式，而愤怒的面部表情则没有。实验2发现社会评价对愤怒情绪感染有影响，但对快乐情绪传播没有影响。这两个实验表明，情绪模仿和社会评价的潜在过程与不同的情绪感染有不同的相关性，快乐情绪的处理遵循基于模仿的情绪感染路径，而愤怒情绪的处理则需要社会评价。
