Black Emma B, Ranmuthugala Geetha, Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan Srinivas, Toombs Maree R, Nicholson Geoffrey C, Kisely Steve
Rural Clinical School, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Darling Heights, Australia Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Southern Queensland, Darling Heights, Australia
Rural Clinical School, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Darling Heights, Australia Centre for Health Sciences Research, University of Southern Queensland, Darling Heights, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2015 May;49(5):412-29. doi: 10.1177/0004867415569802. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
This review aimed to draw on published literature to identify the prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders in Australia's Indigenous populations, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model was conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and Informit Indigenous and Health Collections. Studies were included for analysis if they were empirical quantitative studies reporting prevalence rates for any psychiatric disorder in Indigenous people.
Of the 1584 papers extracted by the search strategy, 17 articles met the eligibility criteria and were reviewed in detail. Methodology, sampling strategy and study design varied greatly across these 17 studies. Prevalence rates varied by disorder and are as follows: major depressive disorder (4.3-51%); mood disorders (7.7-43.1%); post-traumatic stress disorder (14.2-55.2%); anxiety disorders (17.2-58.6%); substance dependence (5.9%-66.2%); alcohol dependence (21.4-55.4%); and psychotic disorders (1.68-25%). While the number of studies on community-based Indigenous populations was limited, available evidence suggested that prevalence rates are higher in prison populations compared with community-based studies.
It was identified that there is limited evidence on the occurrence of psychiatric disorders for Indigenous people in the general community. More research in this area is essential to provide accurate and reliable estimates and to provide a baseline for evaluating the effectiveness of programs aimed at reducing the high mental health burden experienced by Indigenous Australians. Future research needs to ensure that standardised and validated methods are used to accurately estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Indigenous Australians.
本综述旨在借鉴已发表的文献，确定澳大利亚原住民（包括原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民）精神疾病的患病率。
按照系统评价与荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）模型进行系统评价，使用以下电子数据库：PubMed、Scopus、科学网、MEDLINE、PsycINFO、PsycARTICLES以及Informit原住民与健康文集。如果研究是报告原住民任何精神疾病患病率的实证定量研究，则纳入分析。
通过检索策略提取的1584篇论文中，17篇文章符合纳入标准并进行了详细审查。这17项研究的方法、抽样策略和研究设计差异很大。患病率因疾病而异，具体如下：重度抑郁症（4.3%-51%）；情绪障碍（7.7%-43.1%）；创伤后应激障碍（14.2%-55.2%）；焦虑症（17.2%-58.6%）；物质依赖（5.9%-66.2%）；酒精依赖（21.4%-55.4%）；以及精神障碍（1.68%-25%）。虽然关于基于社区的原住民人口的研究数量有限，但现有证据表明，与基于社区的研究相比，监狱人口中的患病率更高。
已确定关于普通社区中澳大利亚原住民精神疾病发生情况的证据有限。该领域需要更多研究，以提供准确可靠的估计，并为评估旨在减轻澳大利亚原住民所承受的高心理健康负担的项目效果提供基线。未来的研究需要确保使用标准化和经过验证的方法来准确估计澳大利亚原住民中精神疾病的患病率。
