Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
J Clin Periodontol. 2015 Apr;42(4):380-9. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12379. Epub 2015 Mar 12.
The implantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has previously been shown successful to achieve periodontal regeneration. However, the preferred pre-implantation differentiation strategy (e.g. maintenance of stemness, osteogenic or chondrogenic induction) to obtain optimal periodontal regeneration is still unknown. This in vivo study explored which differentiation approach is most suitable for periodontal regeneration.
Mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from Fischer rats and seeded onto poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ɛ-caprolactone) electrospun scaffolds, and then pre-cultured under different in vitro conditions: (i) retention of multilineage differentiation potential; (ii) osteogenic differentiation approach; and (iii) chondrogenic differentiation approach. Subsequently, the cell-scaffold constructs were implanted into experimental periodontal defects of Fischer rats, with empty scaffolds as controls. After 6 weeks of implantation, histomorphometrical analyses were applied to evaluate the regenerated periodontal tissues.
The chondrogenic differentiation approach showed regeneration of alveolar bone and ligament tissues. The retention of multilineage differentiation potential supported only ligament regeneration, while the osteogenic differentiation approach boosted alveolar bone regeneration.
Chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs before implantation is a useful strategy for regeneration of alveolar bone and periodontal ligament, in the currently used rat model.
先前的研究表明，骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）的植入已成功实现牙周组织再生。然而，为了获得最佳的牙周组织再生效果，首选的植入前分化策略（例如保持干细胞特性、成骨或成软骨诱导）仍不清楚。本体内研究旨在探索哪种分化方法最适合牙周组织再生。
从 Fischer 大鼠中获取间充质干细胞，并将其接种到聚（乳酸-共-乙醇酸）/聚（ε-己内酯）电纺支架上，然后在不同的体外条件下进行预培养：（i）保留多能分化潜能；（ii）成骨分化方法；和（iii）成软骨分化方法。随后，将细胞-支架构建体植入 Fischer 大鼠的实验性牙周缺损中，以空支架作为对照。植入 6 周后，进行组织形态计量学分析以评估再生的牙周组织。
成软骨分化方法显示出牙槽骨和韧带组织的再生。保留多能分化潜能仅支持韧带再生，而成骨分化方法促进了牙槽骨再生。
在当前使用的大鼠模型中，植入前 MSCs 的成软骨分化是牙槽骨和牙周韧带再生的一种有用策略。
