van Leeuwen Peter M, Gómez i Subils Carla, Jimenez Arnau Ramon, Happee Riender, de Winter Joost C F
a Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology , Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft , The Netherlands.
Ergonomics. 2015;58(8):1347-64. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1005172. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
Technological developments have led to increased visual fidelity of driving simulators. However, simplified visuals have potential advantages, such as improved experimental control, reduced simulator discomfort and increased generalisability of results. In this driving simulator study, we evaluated the effects of visual fidelity on driving performance, gaze behaviour and subjective discomfort ratings. Twenty-four participants drove a track with 90° corners in (1) a high fidelity, textured environment, (2) a medium fidelity, non-textured environment without scenery objects and (3) a low-fidelity monochrome environment that only showed lane markers. The high fidelity level resulted in higher steering activity on straight road segments, higher driving speeds and higher gaze variance than the lower fidelity levels. No differences were found between the two lower fidelity levels. In conclusion, textures and objects were found to affect steering activity and driving performance; however, gaze behaviour during curve negotiation and self-reported simulator discomfort were unaffected.
In a driving simulator study, three levels of visual fidelity were evaluated. The results indicate that the highest fidelity level, characterised by a textured environment, resulted in higher steering activity, higher driving speeds and higher variance of horizontal gaze than the two lower fidelity levels without textures.
技术发展提高了驾驶模拟器的视觉逼真度。然而，简化的视觉效果具有潜在优势，如改善实验控制、减少模拟器不适并提高结果的普遍性。在这项驾驶模拟器研究中，我们评估了视觉逼真度对驾驶性能、注视行为和主观不适评分的影响。24名参与者在以下三种环境中驾驶一条带有90°弯道的赛道：（1）高逼真度的纹理环境；（2）中等逼真度的无纹理且无景物物体的环境；（3）仅显示车道标记的低逼真度单色环境。与较低逼真度水平相比，高逼真度水平在直线路段导致更高的转向活动、更高的行驶速度和更高的注视方差。在两个较低逼真度水平之间未发现差异。总之，发现纹理和物体影响转向活动和驾驶性能；然而，弯道行驶时的注视行为和自我报告的模拟器不适未受影响。
在一项驾驶模拟器研究中，评估了三种视觉逼真度水平。结果表明，以纹理环境为特征的最高逼真度水平，与没有纹理的两个较低逼真度水平相比，导致更高的转向活动、更高的行驶速度和更高的水平注视方差。
