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左右侧前颞叶的差异是由于一般认知与社会认知之间的区别,还是由于言语表征与非言语表征之间的区别?

Is the difference between right and left ATLs due to the distinction between general and social cognition or between verbal and non-verbal representations?

作者信息

Gainotti Guido

机构信息

Center for Neuropsychological Research and Institute of Neurology of the Catholic University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Rome, Italy.

出版信息

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Apr;51:296-312. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.02.004. Epub 2015 Feb 16.

Abstract

The present review aimed to check two proposals alternative to the original version of the 'semantic hub' hypothesis, based on semantic dementia (SD) data, which assumed that left and right anterior temporal lobes (ATLs) store in a unitary, amodal format all kinds of semantic representations. The first alternative proposal is that the right ATL might subsume non-verbal representations and the left ATL lexical-semantic representations and that only in the advanced stages of SD, when atrophy affects the ATLs bilaterally, the semantic impairment becomes 'multi-modal'. The second alternative suggestion is that right and left ATLs might underlie two different domains of knowledge, because general conceptual knowledge might be supported by the left ATL, and social cognition by the right ATL. Results of the review substantially support the first proposal, showing that the right ATL subsumes non-verbal representations and the left ATL lexical-semantic representations. They are less conclusive about the second suggestion, because the right ATL seems to play a more important role in behavioral and emotional functions than in higher level social cognition.

摘要

本综述旨在基于语义性痴呆(SD)数据,检验“语义中枢”假说原始版本的两种替代观点,该假说认为左右前颞叶(ATL)以单一的、非模态的形式存储各种语义表征。第一种替代观点是,右侧ATL可能包含非言语表征,左侧ATL包含词汇语义表征,并且只有在SD的晚期,当双侧ATL萎缩时,语义损伤才会变成“多模态”。第二种替代观点是,左右ATL可能是两个不同知识领域的基础,因为一般概念知识可能由左侧ATL支持,而社会认知由右侧ATL支持。综述结果充分支持了第一种观点,表明右侧ATL包含非言语表征,左侧ATL包含词汇语义表征。对于第二种观点,结果的确定性较低,因为右侧ATL似乎在行为和情感功能中比在高级社会认知中发挥更重要的作用。

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