Bartlem Kate M, Bowman Jennifer A, Bailey Jacqueline M, Freund Megan, Wye Paula M, Lecathelinais Christophe, McElwaine Kathleen M, Campbell Elizabeth M, Gillham Karen E, Wiggers John H
Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend Health Services, Wallsend, Australia School of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Clinical Research Centre, New Lambton Heights, Australia
School of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Clinical Research Centre, New Lambton Heights, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2015 Aug;49(8):731-41. doi: 10.1177/0004867415569798. Epub 2015 Feb 19.
Amongst people with a mental illness, modifiable health risk behaviours contribute substantially to increased chronic disease morbidity and mortality. This study examined the prevalence of and interest in changing such behaviours amongst community mental health service clients in Australia.
A telephone interview was undertaken with Australian community mental health service clients. Participants reported engagement in four health risk behaviours: tobacco smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. Participants were classified as at risk based upon Australian national guidelines. At-risk participants were asked whether they were considering improving their health risk behaviour within the next month. The association between psychiatric diagnosis and risk, and interest in improving health risk behaviours was examined.
Risk prevalence was highest for inadequate vegetable consumption (78.3%), followed by inadequate fruit consumption (60%), smoking (50.7%), physical inactivity (46.8%), short-term alcohol risk (40.3%) and chronic alcohol risk (35.3%). A majority of at-risk participants were considering improving their health risk behaviour for smoking, physical inactivity and inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption (65.1%, 71.1%, and 53.3%, respectively). After adjusting for demographic factors, no diagnostic categories were associated with risk for any behaviour. Those with a diagnosis of depression were more likely to be interested in quitting smoking and increasing physical activity.
Regardless of diagnosis, a high prevalence of chronic disease health risk behaviours was identified, with many participants expressing an interest in improving these behaviours. Such findings reinforce recommendations that preventive care addressing the chronic disease risks of clients be provided routinely by mental health clinicians.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12613000693729. URL: www.anzctr.org.au/.
在患有精神疾病的人群中，可改变的健康风险行为在很大程度上导致了慢性病发病率和死亡率的上升。本研究调查了澳大利亚社区心理健康服务客户中此类行为的流行情况以及改变这些行为的意愿。
对澳大利亚社区心理健康服务客户进行了电话访谈。参与者报告了四种健康风险行为：吸烟、水果和蔬菜摄入量、饮酒以及体育活动。根据澳大利亚国家指南，将参与者分类为有风险人群。询问有风险的参与者是否考虑在接下来的一个月内改善其健康风险行为。研究了精神疾病诊断与风险以及改善健康风险行为意愿之间的关联。
蔬菜摄入量不足的风险患病率最高（78.3%），其次是水果摄入量不足（60%）、吸烟（50.7%）、缺乏体育活动（46.8%）、短期饮酒风险（40.3%）和长期饮酒风险（35.3%）。大多数有风险的参与者考虑改善其吸烟、缺乏体育活动以及水果和蔬菜摄入量不足等健康风险行为（分别为65.1%、71.1%和53.3%）。在调整人口统计学因素后，没有任何诊断类别与任何行为的风险相关。被诊断为抑郁症的人更有可能有戒烟和增加体育活动的意愿。
无论诊断如何，均发现慢性病健康风险行为的患病率很高，许多参与者表示有改善这些行为的意愿。这些发现强化了心理健康临床医生应常规提供预防性护理以解决客户慢性病风险的建议。
澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心（ANZCTR）ACTRN12613000693729。网址：www.anzctr.org.au/
