美国医疗专业人员对肥胖症护理、培训及自我效能的看法。
U.S. health professionals' views on obesity care, training, and self-efficacy.
作者信息
Bleich Sara N, Bandara Sachini, Bennett Wendy L, Cooper Lisa A, Gudzune Kimberly A
机构信息
Departments of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Departments of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
出版信息
Am J Prev Med. 2015 Apr;48(4):411-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.11.002. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
BACKGROUND
Despite emphasis of recent guidelines on multidisciplinary teams for collaborative weight management, little is known about non-physician health professionals' perspectives on obesity, their weight management training, and self-efficacy for obesity care.
PURPOSE
To evaluate differences in health professionals' perspectives on (1) the causes of obesity; (2) training in weight management; and (3) self-efficacy for providing obesity care.
METHODS
Data were obtained from a cross-sectional Internet-based survey of 500 U.S. health professionals from nutrition, nursing, behavioral/mental health, exercise, and pharmacy (collected from January 20 through February 5, 2014). Inferences were derived using logistic regression adjusting for age and education (analyzed in 2014).
RESULTS
Nearly all non-physician health professionals, regardless of specialty, cited individual-level factors, such as overconsumption of food (97%), as important causes of obesity. Nutrition professionals were significantly more likely to report high-quality training in weight management (78%) than the other professionals (nursing, 53%; behavioral/mental health, 32%; exercise, 50%; pharmacy, 47%; p<0.05). Nutrition professionals were significantly more likely to report high confidence in helping obese patients achieve clinically significant weight loss (88%) than the other professionals (nursing, 61%; behavioral/mental health, 51%; exercise, 52%; pharmacy, 61%; p<0.05), and more likely to perceive success in helping patients with obesity achieve clinically significant weight loss (nutrition, 81%; nursing, behavioral/mental health, exercise, and pharmacy, all <50%; p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Nursing, behavioral/mental health, exercise, and pharmacy professionals may need additional training in weight management and obesity care to effectively participate in collaborative weight management models.
背景
尽管近期指南强调多学科团队进行协作式体重管理，但对于非医生健康专业人员对肥胖的看法、他们的体重管理培训以及肥胖护理的自我效能知之甚少。
目的
评估健康专业人员在以下方面的看法差异：（1）肥胖的原因；（2）体重管理培训；（3）提供肥胖护理的自我效能。
方法
数据来自于2014年1月20日至2月5日对500名美国营养、护理、行为/心理健康、运动和药学领域健康专业人员进行的基于互联网的横断面调查。使用逻辑回归对年龄和教育程度进行调整后得出推论（于2014年进行分析）。
结果
几乎所有非医生健康专业人员，无论专业如何，都认为个人层面的因素，如食物摄入过多（97%），是肥胖的重要原因。营养专业人员报告接受高质量体重管理培训的可能性（78%）显著高于其他专业人员（护理，53%；行为/心理健康，32%；运动，50%；药学，47%；p<0.05）。营养专业人员报告对帮助肥胖患者实现临床上显著体重减轻有高信心的可能性（88%）显著高于其他专业人员（护理，61%；行为/心理健康，51%；运动，52%；药学，61%；p<0.05），并且更有可能认为在帮助肥胖患者实现临床上显著体重减轻方面取得成功（营养，81%；护理、行为/心理健康、运动和药学，均<50%；p<0.05）。
结论
护理、行为/心理健康、运动和药学专业人员可能需要在体重管理和肥胖护理方面接受额外培训，以有效参与协作式体重管理模式。
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