Grabenstein J D, Smith L J
Pharmacy Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC.
Ann Allergy. 1989 Sep;63(3):184-8.
Insect-allergic and food-allergic patients with a history of previous anaphylactic reactions were retrospectively and prospectively evaluated for incidence of self-administration of epinephrine or antihistamines. Participants were prescribed either Ana-KitR or Epi-PenR dosage forms. In 33 patients, 82 incidents were noted during 1,252 patient-months, an average of 0.78 incidents per patient-year (PPY). A mean of 0.38 epinephrine uses PPY was recorded, ranging from 0 to 2.82 doses PPY. Antihistamine uses averaged 0.69 PPY, ranging from 0 to 4.47 doses PPY. Antihistamines alone quelled reactions in 13 of 17 incidents involving Ana-Kits. Food-allergic patients were more likely to self-medicate, with 1.93 anti-allergic drug uses PPY, compared with 0.49 uses PPY for insect-allergic patients. Six of 22 insect-related epinephrine uses occurred during winter months. No statistically significant difference was noted between drug administration rates determined retrospectively and prospectively.
对有既往过敏反应史的昆虫过敏和食物过敏患者进行回顾性和前瞻性评估，以了解肾上腺素或抗组胺药自我给药的发生率。参与者被开具了Ana-KitR或Epi-PenR剂型。在33例患者中，在1252个患者月期间记录到82起事件，平均每位患者每年（PPY）发生0.78起事件。记录到平均每位患者每年使用肾上腺素0.38次，范围为每位患者每年0至2.82剂。抗组胺药的使用平均为每位患者每年0.69次，范围为每位患者每年0至4.47剂。在涉及Ana-Kits的17起事件中，单独使用抗组胺药平息了13起反应。食物过敏患者更有可能自我用药，每位患者每年使用1.93次抗过敏药物，而昆虫过敏患者为每位患者每年0.49次。22次与昆虫相关的肾上腺素使用中有6次发生在冬季。回顾性和前瞻性确定的药物给药率之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。
