Praticò Andrea D, Leonardi Salvatore
Unit of Pediatric Pneumoallergology & Cystic Fibrosis, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Immunotherapy. 2015;7(2):147-61. doi: 10.2217/imt.14.115.
Food allergy is a worldwide issue, with an estimated prevalence of 2-10%. An effective treatment is not available for people affected and the only management is the avoidance of the allergen. Oral immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy have been tested by several authors, in particular for milk, egg and peanuts allergy, with significant results in term of desensitization induction. The achievement of tolerance is by the contrary doubtful, with different results obtained. In this review, we reviewed protocols of oral and sublingual immunotherapy for food allergy published in literature, mainly against milk, egg and peanut. At present, immunotherapy does not represent the gold standard in the treatment of food allergy, even if it can desensitize patients.
食物过敏是一个全球性问题，估计患病率为2%-10%。对于受影响的人来说，目前尚无有效的治疗方法，唯一的应对措施是避免接触过敏原。多位作者对口服免疫疗法和舌下免疫疗法进行了测试，特别是针对牛奶、鸡蛋和花生过敏，在诱导脱敏方面取得了显著成果。然而，实现耐受性的情况却存在疑问，结果各异。在本综述中，我们回顾了文献中发表的针对食物过敏的口服和舌下免疫疗法方案，主要针对牛奶、鸡蛋和花生。目前，免疫疗法即便能使患者脱敏，但仍不代表食物过敏治疗的金标准。
