Morikawa Saeko, Hiroi Satoshi, Kase Tetsuo
Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 1-3-69, Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-0025, Japan.
J Clin Virol. 2015 Mar;64:59-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.01.006. Epub 2015 Jan 13.
Respiratory tract viral infection is one of the most common and important diseases in children. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests are often used to detect viruses in samples, it is difficult to interpret the clinical significance of PCR positivity, which may reflect a past, imminent or active asymptomatic infection due to their high sensitivity. Although single respiratory viruses have been detected in samples from children with symptoms, other respiratory viruses can also be detected simultaneously. However, the clinical importance of these findings for the symptoms is not known.
To investigate the prevalence of respiratory viruses among children without any symptoms such as acute respiratory illness and/or fever.
From week twenty-five 2013 to week twenty-six 2014, gargle samples were collected from children once a week and these samples were subjected to real-time PCR to detect respiratory viruses. On each sampling day, we asked the parents about their children's health condition.
Among the 286 samples collected, 200 were from asymptomatic children. In the asymptomatic condition, human parechovirus, adenovirus, enterovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus 229E and HKU1 were observed in 45 episodes. In samples from symptomatic children, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus and coronavirus OC43 were detected in addition to those mentioned above.
Various viruses of different species were detected in the specimens from the children regardless of their health status. It might be speculated that host factors such as the function of the immune system influence the clinical outcome of the infection. However, this needs to be studied further.
呼吸道病毒感染是儿童最常见且最重要的疾病之一。聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测常用于检测样本中的病毒，由于其高敏感性，难以解读PCR阳性的临床意义，其可能反映既往、即将发生或无症状的现症感染。尽管在有症状儿童的样本中已检测到单一呼吸道病毒，但同时也可检测到其他呼吸道病毒。然而，这些发现对于症状的临床重要性尚不清楚。
调查无急性呼吸道疾病和/或发热等任何症状的儿童中呼吸道病毒的流行情况。
从2013年第25周至2014年第26周，每周从儿童中收集咽漱液样本，并对这些样本进行实时PCR检测以检测呼吸道病毒。在每个采样日，我们询问家长其孩子的健康状况。
在收集的286份样本中，200份来自无症状儿童。在无症状情况下，在45例中检测到人类细小病毒、腺病毒、肠道病毒、鼻病毒、冠状病毒229E和HKU1。在有症状儿童的样本中，除上述病毒外，还检测到副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒和冠状病毒OC43。
无论儿童健康状况如何，在其样本中均检测到不同种类的多种病毒。可能推测宿主因素如免疫系统功能会影响感染的临床结局。然而，这需要进一步研究。
