Sautermeister Jochen, Mathieu Richard, Bogner Veronika
Faculty of Catholic Theology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Xenotransplantation. 2015 May-Jun;22(3):174-82. doi: 10.1111/xen.12163. Epub 2015 Feb 27.
Unlike allotransplantation, reflections on xenotransplantation are infrequent in theological literature. However, xenotransplantation poses questions specifically concerning ethical and theological aspects that are imperative to address, such as personal identity between the poles of body, soul, and mind, the relationship between humans and animals, as well as challenges regarding specific issues of medical and social ethics.
This study summarizes the lectures of the symposium on "Xenotransplantation-a challenge to theological ethics," which took place in Munich from September 30 until October 2, 2013, and analyses the implications of xenotransplantation from the perspectives of Christian theological ethics, biblical theology, and systematic theology. Furthermore, the issue of xenotransplantation is addressed from the perspectives of Judaism and Islam. Beyond these theological deliberations, the metaphorical and religious meaning of the human heart, which may have an impact on the societal acceptability of xenotransplantation, as well as the Christian notion of compassion regarding animals, is analyzed from the perspective of historical sciences.
According to the perspectives of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam, there are no specifically religious fundamental and generally binding reasons to prohibit xenotransplantation as a means of treating grave and life-threatening organ insufficiencies.
与同种异体移植不同，异种移植在神学文献中的探讨并不常见。然而，异种移植引发了一些特别涉及伦理和神学层面的问题，这些问题亟待解决，比如身体、灵魂和精神层面的个人身份问题、人与动物的关系，以及医学和社会伦理特定问题所带来的挑战。
本研究总结了2013年9月30日至10月2日在慕尼黑举行的“异种移植——对神学伦理的挑战”研讨会的讲座内容，并从基督教神学伦理、圣经神学和系统神学的角度分析了异种移植的影响。此外，还从犹太教和伊斯兰教的角度探讨了异种移植问题。除了这些神学思考之外，还从历史科学的角度分析了人类心脏的隐喻和宗教意义，这可能会对异种移植在社会上的可接受性产生影响，以及基督教对动物的同情观念。
从基督教、犹太教和伊斯兰教的角度来看，没有特别的宗教基本且具有普遍约束力的理由禁止将异种移植作为治疗严重和危及生命的器官功能不全的手段。
