Hall N R, O'Grady M P
Bioessays. 1989 Nov;11(5):141-4. doi: 10.1002/bies.950110507.
It has long been thought that the central nervous system is able to influence the progression of disease. Furthermore, there is now overwhelming evidence that the communication pathways are bidirectional. A variety of immune system peptides are now known to be capable of transmitting information from the immune system to the central nervous system. These immunotransmitters include interleukins, interferons and thymosine peptides which have the capability of modulating slow-wave sleep as well as the release of neuro- and pituitary peptides. In some instances, release of these peptides during early development may have long lasting, if not permanent effects upon the normal development of neuroendocrine circuits. Collectively these various brain mediated events appear to contribute in various and diverse ways to defense against pathogens. It is becoming more and more apparent that certain abnormalities within the immune system may be the consequence of a neurological abnormality. The converse is also true.
长期以来，人们一直认为中枢神经系统能够影响疾病的进展。此外，现在有大量证据表明，这种通信途径是双向的。现在已知多种免疫系统肽能够将信息从免疫系统传递到中枢神经系统。这些免疫递质包括白细胞介素、干扰素和胸腺素肽，它们能够调节慢波睡眠以及神经肽和垂体肽的释放。在某些情况下，这些肽在早期发育过程中的释放可能对神经内分泌回路的正常发育产生长期（如果不是永久）影响。这些由大脑介导的各种事件似乎以各种不同的方式有助于抵御病原体。越来越明显的是，免疫系统内的某些异常可能是神经异常的结果。反之亦然。
