Hall N R, McGillis J P, Spangelo B L, Goldstein A L
J Immunol. 1985 Aug;135(2 Suppl):806s-811s.
An increasing amount of data supports the hypothesis that there are bidirectional circuits between the central nervous system (CNS) and the immune system. Soluble products that appear to transmit information from the immune compartment to the CNS include thymosins, lymphokines, and certain complement proteins. Opioid peptides, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are additional products of lymphocytes that may function in immunomodulatory neuroendocrine circuits. It is proposed that the term "immunotransmitter" be used to describe molecules that are produced predominantly by cells that comprise the immune system but that transmit specific signals and information to neurons and other cell types. Examples would include thymosin alpha 1 and beta 4, lymphocyte-derived ACTH, TSH, and beta-endorphin, interleukin 1, interferon as well as certain other lymphokines and cytokines. The evidence that certain thymosin peptides can serve as immunotransmitters by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and gonadal axes will be discussed.
越来越多的数据支持这样一种假说，即中枢神经系统（CNS）与免疫系统之间存在双向回路。似乎能将信息从免疫区室传递至中枢神经系统的可溶性产物包括胸腺素、淋巴因子和某些补体蛋白。阿片肽、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）是淋巴细胞的其他产物，它们可能在免疫调节神经内分泌回路中发挥作用。有人提议用“免疫递质”一词来描述主要由构成免疫系统的细胞产生，但能向神经元和其他细胞类型传递特定信号和信息的分子。例子包括胸腺素α1和β4、淋巴细胞源性ACTH、TSH和β-内啡肽、白细胞介素1、干扰素以及某些其他淋巴因子和细胞因子。将讨论某些胸腺素肽可通过调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴和性腺轴而充当免疫递质的证据。
