Criée C-P, Baur X, Berdel D, Bösch D, Gappa M, Haidl P, Husemann K, Jörres R A, Kabitz H-J, Kardos P, Köhler D, Magnussen H, Merget R, Mitfessel H, Nowak D, Ochmann U, Schürmann W, Smith H-J, Sorichter S, Voshaar T, Worth H
Ev. Krankenhaus, Göttingen-Weende.
Charité - Universitätsklinik Berlin, Berlin.
Pneumologie. 2015 Mar;69(3):147-64. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1391345. Epub 2015 Mar 6.
Spirometry is a simple test and considered the gold standard in lung function. An obstructive ventilatory defect is a disproportionate reduction of maximal airflow from the lung in relation to the maximal volume that can be displaced from the lung. It implies airway narrowing and is defined by a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio below the 5th percentile of the predicted value (lower limit of normal, LLN). A restrictive disorder may be suspected when vital capacity (FVC) is reduced and FEV1/FVC is normal. It is definitely proven, however, only by a decrease in TLC below the 5th percentile of predicted value (LLN). The measurement of TLC by body plethysmography is necessary to confirm or exclude a restrictive defect or hyperinflation of the lung when FVC is below the LLN. 2012 a task force of the ERS published new reference values based on 74,187 records from healthy non-smoking males and females from 26 countries. The new reference equations for the 3-95 age range are now available that include appropriate age-dependent mean values and lower limits of normal (LLN). This presentation aims at providing the reader with recommendations dealing with standardization and interpretation of spirometry.
肺量测定法是一项简单的测试，被视为肺功能的金标准。阻塞性通气缺陷是指肺最大气流相对于肺可排出的最大容积不成比例地降低。这意味着气道变窄，其定义为FEV1/FVC比值低于预测值的第5百分位数（正常下限，LLN）。当肺活量（FVC）降低而FEV1/FVC正常时，可能怀疑存在限制性疾病。然而，只有当肺总量（TLC）低于预测值的第5百分位数（LLN）时，才能明确证实。当FVC低于LLN时，需要通过体容积描记法测量TLC来确认或排除限制性缺陷或肺过度充气。2012年，欧洲呼吸学会（ERS）的一个特别工作组根据来自26个国家健康非吸烟男性和女性的74187份记录公布了新的参考值。现在有了适用于3至95岁年龄范围的新参考方程，其中包括适当的年龄相关平均值和正常下限（LLN）。本报告旨在为读者提供有关肺量测定法标准化和解读的建议。
