Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Eur Psychiatry. 2015 Jun;30(4):469-73. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.02.008. Epub 2015 Mar 6.
Previous studies analysing personality and cannabis use in adult samples suggest that cannabis users show significant higher levels of impulsivity, sensation seeking and schizotypy. However, there are few studies exploring this relationship in adolescence using psychobiological models of personality. Given the relevance of identifying individual differences that lead adolescents to early cannabis use to prevent future health problems, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between age, sex, personality and early cannabis use using a psychobiological model of personality in a sample of 415 students (51.8% boys) from 12 to 18 years. Chi(2) tests showed significant higher prevalence of cannabis use in boys and in the group aged 15-18 years. Multiple analysis of variance showed significant higher scores in psychoticism, sensation seeking and in all its subscales in cannabis users group, while an interaction with age was found for extraversion and neuroticism: cannabis users scored higher than non-users in the youngest group (12-14 years) but lower in the oldest group in both dimensions. Finally, regression analysis showed that narrower traits of sensation seeking (experience seeking and disinhibition) were the most associated to early cannabis use. Results are discussed in terms of early cannabis users' personality profiles and in terms of the self-medication theory.
先前的研究分析了成人样本中的个性和大麻使用情况，表明大麻使用者表现出明显更高的冲动性、寻求刺激和精神分裂症倾向。然而，很少有研究使用个性的心理生物学模型来探索青少年时期的这种关系。鉴于确定导致青少年早期使用大麻以预防未来健康问题的个体差异的重要性，本研究旨在通过个性的心理生物学模型，在 415 名学生（51.8%为男性）样本中探索年龄、性别、个性和早期大麻使用之间的关系，年龄在 12 至 18 岁之间。卡方检验显示，男孩和 15-18 岁年龄组的大麻使用率显著更高。多变量方差分析显示，大麻使用者组在精神质、寻求刺激以及所有子量表上的得分都显著更高，而外向性和神经质则与年龄存在交互作用：在最年轻的组（12-14 岁）中，大麻使用者的得分高于非使用者，但在两个维度上，在最年长的组中得分较低。最后，回归分析显示，寻求刺激的狭窄特征（体验寻求和抑制解除）与早期大麻使用最相关。结果从早期大麻使用者的个性特征和自我治疗理论的角度进行了讨论。
