Sánchez-López María Pilar, Limiñana-Gras Rosa María, Colodro-Conde Lucía, Cuéllar-Flores Isabel
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Red Hygeia (Health y GEnder International Alliance).
Scand J Caring Sci. 2015 Dec;29(4):751-9. doi: 10.1111/scs.12206. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is widely used in the assessment of anxiety and depression, but there are scarce data about its psychometric properties in caregivers of older relatives.
The goal of this study was to analyse the factor structure of the HADS to verify its suitability to assess emotional symptomatology in family caregivers of old people, its internal consistency and confirming its relation with the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and an index of disease and physical complaints.
One hundred and seventy-five family caregivers (25 men and 150 women) aged 32-86, who were taking care of at least one older person in a situation of dependence, were recruited for this study. A descriptive, comparative, correlational design was employed. The scientific adequacy of the questionnaire and its structure were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis. The scores obtained in the GHQ and in an index of disease and physical complaints were used as external criteria to assess the adequacy of the HADS for caregivers.
Higher levels of anxiety and depression than in the normal population were obtained. The reliability/internal validity of the questionnaire was adequate. A bifactor model, with one subscale for anxiety and one for depression, provides the best fit to the data. The subscales were related to GHQ-12 and index of diseases/physical complaints.
The HADS was shown to be useful to assess the presence of anxiety and depression in family caregivers, and the original two-dimensional model is the most adequate.
医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）广泛用于焦虑和抑郁的评估，但关于其在老年亲属照料者中的心理测量学特性的数据较少。
本研究的目的是分析HADS的因子结构，以验证其是否适合评估老年人家庭照料者的情绪症状，评估其内部一致性，并确认其与一般健康问卷（GHQ - 12）以及疾病和身体不适指数的关系。
本研究招募了175名年龄在32 - 86岁之间的家庭照料者（25名男性和150名女性），他们在依赖状态下照顾至少一名老年人。采用描述性、比较性、相关性设计。使用验证性因子分析来分析问卷及其结构的科学充分性。将在GHQ以及疾病和身体不适指数中获得的分数用作外部标准，以评估HADS对照料者的适用性。
获得了比正常人群更高水平的焦虑和抑郁。问卷的信度/内部效度良好。一个双因子模型，一个用于焦虑的子量表和一个用于抑郁的子量表，最符合数据。这些子量表与GHQ - 12以及疾病/身体不适指数相关。
HADS被证明可用于评估家庭照料者中焦虑和抑郁的存在，并且原始的二维模型是最合适的。
