Research Group CTS1068, Andalusia Research Plan, Junta de Andalucía, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain.
Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 13;18(2):617. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020617.
Caring for a loved one can be rewarding but is also associated with substantial caregiver burden, developing mental outcomes and affecting happiness. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a four-week, 16-h presential meditation program on physiological and psychological parameters and vagal nerve activity in high-burden caregivers, as compared to a control group.
A non-randomized repeated-measures controlled clinical trial was conducted.
According to the ANCOVA results, the global happiness score (F = 297.42, < 0.001) and the scores for all subscales were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 5 weeks. Anxiety levels were also significantly reduced in the experimental group (F = 24.92, < 0.001), systolic (F = 16.23, < 0.001) and diastolic blood (F = 34.39, < 0.001) pressures, and the resting heart rate (F = 17.90, < 0.05). HRV results revealed significant between-group differences in the HRV Index (F = 8.40, < 0.05), SDNN (F = 13.59, < 0.05), and RMSSD (F = 10.72, < 0.05) in the time domain, and HF (F = 4.82 < 0.05)) in the frequency domain, which were all improved in the experimental group after the meditation program.
Meditation can be a useful therapy to enhance the mental health and autonomic nervous system balance of informal caregivers, improving symptoms of physical and mental overload.
照顾亲人既有回报，也会给照顾者带来很大的负担，影响其心理健康和幸福感。本研究旨在确定为期四周、16 小时的现场冥想方案对高负担照顾者的生理、心理参数和迷走神经活动的影响，并与对照组进行比较。
采用非随机重复测量对照临床试验。
根据方差分析（ANCOVA）结果，与对照组相比，实验组在第 5 周时的总体幸福感评分（F = 297.42，< 0.001）和所有子量表的评分均显著升高。实验组的焦虑水平也显著降低（F = 24.92，< 0.001），收缩压（F = 16.23，< 0.001）和舒张压（F = 34.39，< 0.001）以及静息心率（F = 17.90，< 0.05）。心率变异性（HRV）结果显示，实验组在 HRV 指数（F = 8.40，< 0.05）、SDNN（F = 13.59，< 0.05）和 RMSSD（F = 10.72，< 0.05）等时域以及 HF（F = 4.82，< 0.05）等频域的 HRV 存在显著的组间差异，这些差异在冥想方案后均得到改善。
冥想可以作为一种有用的治疗方法，增强非正式照顾者的心理健康和自主神经系统平衡，改善身心负担过重的症状。
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