阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停学龄前儿童面部形态生长与实际年龄的关系
Relationship between growth of facial morphology and chronologic age in preschool children with obstructive sleep apnea.
作者信息
Kawashima Shigeto, Ueda Koichiro, Shinohara Mitsuyo, Mano Mikiko, Kanegae Haruhide, Namaki Shunsuke
机构信息
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Hongo 3-1-3, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 113-8431 ; Division of Orthodontics, Department of Human Development and Fostering, Meikai University, School of Dentistry, Keyakidai 1-1, Sakado, Saitama Prefecture 350-0283.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Hongo 3-1-3, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 113-8431.
出版信息
J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2012 Jan-Apr;2(1):20-4. doi: 10.1016/S2212-4268(12)60006-2.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between facial morphology using cephalometry and chronologic age in preschool children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From a group of lateral cephalometric radiographs taken of 35 children with OSA for diagnostic purposes, 15 were selected for the present investigation based on head position. The subjects consisted of preschool children with both OSA and primary dentition, all of them with a lowest documented SpO(2) <90% and a lowest 0 <AI. The control group included 15 preschool children with primary dentition and without enlarged tonsils or adenoids.
RESULTS
The present findings reveal that, compared to the controls, OSA children had a narrower pharyngeal airway space related to OSA. In addition, we found that, although there were direct correlations between heights, nasal floor and corpus length, with chronologic age in the controls, there was no significant correlation between height, nasal floor length or corpus length with age in the OSA children.
CONCLUSION
Obstructive sleep apnea in children may be associated with growth disturbances of the nasal floor and corpus length.
背景
本研究的目的是评估使用头影测量法测量的学龄前阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）儿童的面部形态与实际年龄之间的关系。
材料与方法
从为诊断目的而拍摄的35名OSA儿童的一组头颅侧位X线片中，根据头部位置选择15名进行本研究。研究对象包括患有OSA和乳牙列的学龄前儿童，所有儿童记录到的最低血氧饱和度（SpO₂）<90%，最低呼吸暂停指数（AI）>0。对照组包括15名乳牙列且扁桃体或腺样体未肿大的学龄前儿童。
结果
目前的研究结果表明，与对照组相比，OSA儿童的咽气道间隙与OSA相关，更狭窄。此外，我们发现，虽然对照组中身高、鼻底和下颌体长与实际年龄之间存在直接相关性，但OSA儿童的身高、鼻底长度或下颌体长与年龄之间无显著相关性。
结论
儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停可能与鼻底和下颌体长的生长发育障碍有关。
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