Fullagar Hugh H K, Duffield Rob, Skorski Sabrina, Coutts Aaron J, Julian Ross, Meyer Tim
Inst of Sport and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2015 Nov;10(8):950-7. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2014-0565. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
While the effects of sleep loss on performance have previously been reviewed, the effects of disturbed sleep on recovery after exercise are less reported. Specifically, the interaction between sleep and physiological and psychological recovery in team-sport athletes is not well understood. Accordingly, the aim of the current review was to examine the current evidence on the potential role sleep may play in postexercise recovery, with a tailored focus on professional team-sport athletes. Recent studies show that team-sport athletes are at high risk of poor sleep during and after competition. Although limited published data are available, these athletes also appear particularly susceptible to reductions in both sleep quality and sleep duration after night competition and periods of heavy training. However, studies examining the relationship between sleep and recovery in such situations are lacking. Indeed, further observational sleep studies in team-sport athletes are required to confirm these concerns. Naps, sleep extension, and sleep-hygiene practices appear advantageous to performance; however, future proof-of-concept studies are now required to determine the efficacy of these interventions on postexercise recovery. Moreover, more research is required to understand how sleep interacts with numerous recovery responses in team-sport environments. This is pertinent given the regularity with which these teams encounter challenging scenarios during the course of a season. Therefore, this review examines the factors that compromise sleep during a season and after competition and discusses strategies that may help improve sleep in team-sport athletes.
虽然此前已有关于睡眠不足对运动表现影响的综述，但睡眠紊乱对运动后恢复的影响报道较少。具体而言，团队运动运动员睡眠与生理和心理恢复之间的相互作用尚未得到充分理解。因此，本次综述的目的是研究睡眠在运动后恢复中可能发挥的潜在作用的现有证据，并特别关注职业团队运动运动员。最近的研究表明，团队运动运动员在比赛期间和比赛后睡眠质量差的风险很高。尽管公开数据有限，但这些运动员在夜间比赛和高强度训练期后，睡眠质量和睡眠时间的下降似乎也特别容易受到影响。然而，缺乏研究此类情况下睡眠与恢复之间关系的研究。事实上，需要对团队运动运动员进行进一步的观察性睡眠研究，以证实这些担忧。小睡、延长睡眠时间和睡眠卫生措施似乎对运动表现有利；然而，现在需要未来的概念验证研究来确定这些干预措施对运动后恢复的效果。此外，需要更多的研究来了解在团队运动环境中睡眠如何与多种恢复反应相互作用。鉴于这些团队在一个赛季中经常遇到具有挑战性的情况，这一点很重要。因此，本综述探讨了在赛季中和比赛后影响睡眠的因素，并讨论了可能有助于改善团队运动运动员睡眠的策略。
