Poole Colin F
Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
J Chromatogr A. 2015 Nov 20;1421:137-53. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.061. Epub 2015 Feb 24.
The gas phase ionization detectors are the most widely used detectors for gas chromatography. The column and makeup gases commonly used in gas chromatography are near perfect insulators. This facilitates the detection of a minute number of charge carriers facilitating the use of ionization mechanisms of low efficiency while providing high sensitivity. The main ionization mechanism discussed in this report are combustion in a hydrogen diffusion flame (flame ionization detector), surface ionization in a plasma (thermionic ionization detector), photon ionization (photoionization detector and pulsed discharge helium ionization detector), attachment of thermal electrons (electron-capture detector), and ionization by collision with metastable helium species (helium ionization detector). The design, response characteristics, response mechanism, and suitability for fast gas chromatography are the main features summarized in this report. Mass spectrometric detection and atomic emission detection, which could be considered as ionization detectors of a more sophisticated and complex design, are not discussed in this report.
气相电离检测器是气相色谱中使用最广泛的检测器。气相色谱中常用的柱气体和补充气体几乎是完美的绝缘体。这有利于检测少量电荷载流子，便于使用低效率的电离机制，同时提供高灵敏度。本报告中讨论的主要电离机制有：在氢扩散火焰中的燃烧（火焰电离检测器）、等离子体中的表面电离（热离子电离检测器）、光子电离（光离子化检测器和脉冲放电氦电离检测器）、热电子附着（电子捕获检测器）以及与亚稳态氦物种碰撞产生的电离（氦电离检测器）。本报告总结的主要特点包括设计、响应特性、响应机制以及对快速气相色谱的适用性。本报告未讨论可被视为设计更复杂精密的电离检测器的质谱检测和原子发射检测。
