Dahm Stephan F, Rieger Martina
UMIT-University for Health Sciences Medical Informatics and Technology, Eduard Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, 6060, Hall in Tyrol, Austria.
Psychol Res. 2016 Mar;80(2):235-47. doi: 10.1007/s00426-015-0656-y. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
Executed bimanual movements are prepared slower when moving to symbolically different than when moving to symbolically same targets and when targets are mapped to target locations in a left/right fashion than when they are mapped in an inner/outer fashion [Weigelt et al. (Psychol Res 71:238-447, 2007)]. We investigated whether these cognitive bimanual coordination constraints are observable in motor imagery. Participants performed fast bimanual reaching movements from start to target buttons. Symbolic target similarity and mapping were manipulated. Participants performed four action conditions: one execution and three imagination conditions. In the latter they indicated starting, ending, or starting and ending of the movement. We measured movement preparation (RT), movement execution (MT) and the combined duration of movement preparation and execution (RTMT). In all action conditions RTs and MTs were longer in movements towards different targets than in movements towards same targets. Further, RTMTs were longer when targets were mapped to target locations in a left/right fashion than when they were mapped in an inner/outer fashion, again in all action conditions. RTMTs in imagination and execution were similar, apart from the imagination condition in which participants indicated the start and the end of the movement. Here MTs, but not RTs, were longer than in the execution condition. In conclusion, cognitive coordination constraints are present in the motor imagery of fast (<1600 ms) bimanual movements. Further, alternations between inhibition and execution may prolong the duration of motor imagery.
与向符号相同的目标移动相比，当向符号不同的目标移动时，以及当目标以左右方式映射到目标位置而不是以内/外方式映射时，执行的双手运动准备得更慢[韦格尔特等人（《心理学研究》71:238 - 447，2007）]。我们研究了这些认知性双手协调限制在运动想象中是否可观察到。参与者从起始位置快速进行双手伸至目标按钮的动作。对符号目标相似性和映射进行了操控。参与者执行四种动作条件：一种执行条件和三种想象条件。在想象条件下，他们指示动作的起始、结束或起始与结束。我们测量了动作准备时间（RT）、动作执行时间（MT）以及动作准备和执行的总时长（RTMT）。在所有动作条件下，向不同目标移动时的RT和MT比向相同目标移动时更长。此外，在所有动作条件下，当目标以左右方式映射到目标位置时的RTMT比以内/外方式映射时更长。想象和执行中的RTMT相似，但在参与者指示动作起始和结束的想象条件下除外。在此条件下，MT比执行条件下更长，但RT并非如此。总之，快速（<1600毫秒）双手运动的运动想象中存在认知协调限制。此外，抑制和执行之间的交替可能会延长运动想象的持续时间。
