Ganapathi Lakshmi, Martins Yolanda, Schumann David, Russ Christiana
Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Educ Health (Abingdon). 2014 Sep-Dec;27(3):277-82. doi: 10.4103/1357-6283.152189.
Interest is growing in strengthening postgraduate medical education in low-income countries. The purpose of this study was to understand how postgraduate pediatric training programs are developed in countries with no or few pediatric training opportunities. The authors sought to describe and compare a purposive sample of such new programs, and identify challenges and solutions for successful program establishment and sustainability.
The authors queried national pediatric email lists and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accredited pediatric residency programs in the United States to identify four pediatric training programs that met study criteria. All four programs responded to a questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative components. Qualitative responses were analyzed for themes.
Four centers - in Kenya, Laos, Eritrea and Cambodia - met study criteria. Reported challenges to program development and sustainability centered on faculty development and retention, training in pediatric subspecialties, creating pipelines for applicants and graduates, and funding. These themes were used to develop a logic model, which provides a framework for planning, implementing and evaluating new postgraduate general pediatric training program in low-income countries.
This study compares four postgraduate general pediatric training programs that were recently established and now continue to graduate pediatric residents in low-income countries. Lessons derived from these programs may help guide practice and research for other centers seeking to establish similar programs.
加强低收入国家的研究生医学教育越来越受到关注。本研究的目的是了解在没有或只有很少儿科培训机会的国家，研究生儿科培训项目是如何开展的。作者试图描述和比较这类新项目的一个有目的的样本，并确定成功建立和维持项目的挑战及解决方案。
作者查询了国家儿科电子邮件列表以及美国研究生医学教育认证委员会（ACGME）认证的儿科住院医师培训项目，以确定四个符合研究标准的儿科培训项目。所有四个项目都对一份包含定量和定性部分的问卷做出了回应。对定性回答进行了主题分析。
肯尼亚、老挝、厄立特里亚和柬埔寨的四个中心符合研究标准。报告的项目发展和可持续性面临的挑战集中在师资队伍的发展和保留、儿科亚专业培训、为申请者和毕业生建立渠道以及资金方面。这些主题被用于构建一个逻辑模型，该模型为低收入国家新的研究生普通儿科培训项目的规划、实施和评估提供了一个框架。
本研究比较了四个最近建立且现在仍在培养儿科住院医师的低收入国家的研究生普通儿科培训项目。从这些项目中汲取的经验教训可能有助于指导其他寻求建立类似项目的中心的实践和研究。
