Coluci Marina Zambon Orpinelli, Alexandre Neusa Maria Costa, Milani Daniela
Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil,
Cien Saude Colet. 2015 Mar;20(3):925-36. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232015203.04332013.
Measurement instruments are an integral part of clinical practice, health evaluation and research. These instruments are only useful and able to present scientifically robust results when they are developed properly and have appropriate psychometric properties. Despite the significant increase of rating scales, the literature suggests that many of them have not been adequately developed and validated. The scope of this study was to conduct a narrative review on the process of developing new measurement instruments and to present some tools which can be used in some stages of the development process. The steps described were: I-The establishment of a conceptual framework, and the definition of the objectives of the instrument and the population involved; II-Development of the items and of the response scales; III-Selection and organization of the items and structuring of the instrument; IV-Content validity, V-Pre-test. This study also included a brief discussion on the evaluation of the psychometric properties due to their importance for the instruments to be accepted and acknowledged in both scientific and clinical environments.
测量工具是临床实践、健康评估和研究不可或缺的一部分。只有当这些工具开发得当且具有适当的心理测量特性时，它们才有用且能够得出科学可靠的结果。尽管评定量表数量大幅增加，但文献表明，其中许多量表并未得到充分开发和验证。本研究的范围是对新测量工具的开发过程进行叙述性综述，并介绍一些可用于开发过程某些阶段的工具。所描述的步骤如下：一、建立概念框架，定义工具的目标和所涉及的人群；二、开发项目和反应量表；三、选择和组织项目以及构建工具；四、内容效度；五、预测试。由于心理测量特性对于工具在科学和临床环境中被接受和认可很重要，本研究还对其评估进行了简要讨论。
