Bernardi Marialivia, Leonard Hayley C, Hill Elisabeth L, Henry Lucy A
a Division of Language and Communication Science , City University London , UK.
b Department of Psychology , Goldsmiths, University of London , UK.
Child Neuropsychol. 2016;22(5):627-34. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2015.1014898. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
A previous study reported that children with poor motor skills, classified as having motor difficulties (MD) or Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), produced more errors in a motor response inhibition task compared to typically developing (TD) children but did not differ in verbal inhibition errors. The present study investigated whether these groups differed in the length of time they took to respond in order to achieve these levels of accuracy, and whether any differences in response speed could be explained by generally slow information processing in children with poor motor skills. Timing data from the Verbal Inhibition Motor Inhibition test were analyzed to identify differences in performance between the groups on verbal and motor inhibition, as well as on processing speed measures from standardized batteries. Although children with MD and DCD produced more errors in the motor inhibition task than TD children, the current analyses found that they did not take longer to complete the task. Children with DCD were slower at inhibiting verbal responses than TD children, while the MD group seemed to perform at an intermediate level between the other groups in terms of verbal inhibition speed. Slow processing speed did not account for these group differences. Results extended previous research into response inhibition in children with poor motor skills by explicitly comparing motor and verbal responses, and suggesting that slow performance, even when accurate, may be attributable to an inefficient way of inhibiting responses, rather than slow information processing speed per se.
先前的一项研究报告称,运动技能较差的儿童,即被归类为有运动困难(MD)或发育性协调障碍(DCD)的儿童,与发育正常(TD)的儿童相比,在运动反应抑制任务中会产生更多错误,但在言语抑制错误方面并无差异。本研究调查了这些组在为达到这些准确性水平而做出反应所花费的时间长度上是否存在差异,以及运动技能较差的儿童中普遍存在的信息处理速度较慢是否可以解释反应速度上的任何差异。对言语抑制运动抑制测试的计时数据进行了分析,以确定各组在言语和运动抑制方面以及标准化测试组合的处理速度指标上的表现差异。尽管患有MD和DCD的儿童在运动抑制任务中比TD儿童产生更多错误,但当前分析发现他们完成任务的时间并没有更长。患有DCD的儿童在抑制言语反应方面比TD儿童慢,而MD组在言语抑制速度方面似乎处于其他组之间的中间水平。处理速度慢并不能解释这些组间差异。本研究结果通过明确比较运动和言语反应,扩展了先前对运动技能较差儿童反应抑制的研究,并表明即使表现准确,表现缓慢也可能归因于抑制反应的低效方式,而非信息处理速度本身较慢。