Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva, Israel ; Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa , Haifa, Israel.
Front Psychol. 2015 Feb 16;6:94. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00094. eCollection 2015.
The perceptual processes that mediate the ability to efficiently represent object 3D structure are still not fully understood. The current study was aimed to shed light on these processes by utilizing spatially possible and impossible objects that could not be created in real 3D space. Despite being perceived as exceptionally unusual, impossible objects still possess fundamental Gestalt attributes and valid local depth cues that may support their initial successful representation. Based on this notion and on recent findings from our lab, we hypothesized that the initial representation of impossible objects would involve common mechanisms to those mediating typical object perception while the perceived differences between possible and impossible objects would emerge later along the processing hierarchy. In Experiment 1, participants preformed same/different classifications of two markers superimposed on a display containing two objects (possible or impossible). Faster reaction times were observed for displays in which the markers were superimposed on the same object ("object-based benefit"). Importantly, this benefit was similar for possible and impossible objects, suggesting that the representations of the two object categories rely on similar perceptual organization processes. Yet, responses for impossible objects were slower compared to possible objects. Experiment 2 was designed to examine the origin of this effect. Participants classified the location of two markers while exposure duration was manipulated. A similar pattern of performance was found for possible and impossible objects for the short exposure duration, with differences in accuracy between these two types of objects emerging only for longer exposure durations. Overall, these findings provide evidence that the representation of object structure relies on a multi-level process and that object impossibility selectively impairs the rendering of fine-detailed description of object structure.
介导高效表示物体 3D 结构能力的感知过程仍未被完全理解。本研究旨在通过利用在真实 3D 空间中无法创造的空间可能和不可能物体来揭示这些过程。尽管被认为是异常不同寻常的，不可能物体仍然具有基本的格式塔属性和有效的局部深度线索，这些线索可能支持它们最初的成功表示。基于这一概念和我们实验室的最新发现，我们假设不可能物体的初始表示将涉及到与典型物体感知相同的机制，而可能和不可能物体之间的感知差异将在处理层次结构中稍后出现。在实验 1 中，参与者对两个标记叠加在包含两个物体（可能或不可能）的显示上进行了相同/不同的分类。当标记叠加在同一物体上时（“基于物体的优势”），观察到更快的反应时间。重要的是，这种优势在可能和不可能物体之间是相似的，这表明这两种物体类别的表示依赖于相似的感知组织过程。然而，不可能物体的反应比可能物体慢。实验 2 旨在检验这种效应的起源。参与者在暴露时间被操纵的情况下对两个标记的位置进行分类。对于短暴露时间，可能和不可能物体的表现模式相似，只有在较长的暴露时间下，这两种物体类型之间的准确性才会出现差异。总的来说，这些发现提供了证据表明，物体结构的表示依赖于一个多层次的过程，并且物体的不可能性选择性地损害了对物体结构的精细描述的呈现。
