应对活体器官捐赠者的公开募捐——ELPAT的观点。

Dealing With Public Solicitation of Organs From Living Donors--An ELPAT View.

作者信息

Frunza Mihaela, Van Assche Kristof, Lennerling Annette, Sterckx Sigrid, Citterio Franco, Mamode Nizam, Zuidema Willij C, Burnapp Lisa, Weimar Willem, Dor Frank J M F

机构信息

1 Department of Philosophy, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj, Romania; SACRI (The Academic Society for the Research of Religions and Ideologies), Cluj, Romania. 2 Bioethics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. 3 The Transplant Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. 4 Institute of Health and Care Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 5 Department of Surgery, Catholic University Rome, Italy. 6 Department of Transplantation, Guys Hospital, London, United Kingdom. 7 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 8 National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom. 9 Division of HPB & Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Transplantation. 2015 Oct;99(10):2210-4. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000000669.

DOI:10.1097/TP.0000000000000669

PMID:25769072

Abstract

Although transplant professionals have initially been reluctant to perform transplants after public solicitation of organs from living donors, nowadays these transplants are increasingly being performed and reported. After clarifying the existing terminology, we elaborate an operational definition of public solicitation that is consistent with the Ethical, Legal, and Psychosocial Aspects of Transplantation classification for living organ donation. Our aim is to critically assess this phenomenon, from a legal, moral, and practical perspective, and to offer some recommendations. From a legal point of view, we analyze the current situation in the Europe and the United States. From a moral perspective, we evaluate the various arguments used in the literature, both in favor and against. Finally, we offer a set of recommendations aimed at maximizing the organ donor pool while safeguarding the interests of potential living donors.

摘要

尽管移植专业人员最初一直不愿在公开征求活体捐赠者器官后进行移植手术，但如今这类移植手术越来越多地被实施并得到报道。在明确现有术语后，我们阐述了一种公开征求的操作性定义，该定义与活体器官捐赠的移植伦理、法律和社会心理层面分类相一致。我们的目的是从法律、道德和实际角度对这一现象进行批判性评估，并提出一些建议。从法律角度来看，我们分析了欧洲和美国的现状。从道德角度出发，我们评估了文献中支持和反对的各种观点。最后，我们提出了一系列建议，旨在在保障潜在活体捐赠者利益的同时，最大限度地扩大器官捐赠库。