Quinlan Carol A, McVeigh Katharine H, Driver Cynthia R, Govind Prashil, Karpati Adam
Division of Mental Hygiene, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 42-09 28th Street, Queens, NY, 11101, USA,
Matern Child Health J. 2015 Aug;19(8):1783-90. doi: 10.1007/s10995-015-1692-3.
We examined trends in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and the association of ASD with parental age among young New York City (NYC) children. Children born in NYC to resident mothers from 1994-2001 were identified through vital statistics records (N = 927,003). Records were linked to data from NYC Early Intervention (EI) Program through 2004. The independent parental age-specific odds of having an ASD before 36 months of age were estimated using multiple logistic regression controlling for risk factors. The increase in ASD attributable to changes in parental age at birth was examined. Births to mothers and fathers 35 years or older increased 14.9 and 11.5 %, respectively, between 1994 and 2001. ASD prevalence in EI increased significantly from 1 in 3,300 children born in 1994 to 1 in 233 children born in 2001. Children born to mothers ages 25-29, 30-34 and 35 or older had significantly greater odds of being diagnosed with ASD than children of mothers younger than 25 years (OR 1.5, 1.6, and 1.9, respectively). Children born to fathers ages 35 or older (OR 1.4) had greater odds of ASD than children of fathers younger than 25. The change in parental age accounted for only 2.7 % of the increase in ASD prevalence. Older paternal age and maternal age were independently associated with increased risk of ASD. However, while parental age at birth increased between the 1994 and 2001 birth cohorts in NYC, it did not explain the increase in number of ASD cases.
我们研究了纽约市（NYC）幼儿自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的趋势以及ASD与父母年龄之间的关联。通过人口动态统计记录识别出1994年至2001年在NYC出生、母亲为当地居民的儿童（N = 927,003）。这些记录与NYC早期干预（EI）项目截至2004年的数据相关联。使用多因素逻辑回归控制风险因素，估计了父母年龄特定的36个月前患ASD的独立比值比。研究了因父母生育年龄变化导致的ASD增加情况。1994年至2001年期间，35岁及以上母亲和父亲的生育数量分别增加了14.9%和11.5%。EI中的ASD患病率从1994年出生儿童中的1/3300显著增加到2001年出生儿童中的1/233。25至29岁、30至34岁以及35岁及以上母亲所生的孩子被诊断为ASD的几率显著高于25岁以下母亲所生的孩子（分别为OR 1.5、1.6和1.9）。35岁及以上父亲所生的孩子患ASD的几率高于25岁以下父亲所生的孩子（OR 1.4）。父母年龄的变化仅占ASD患病率增加的2.7%。父亲年龄较大和母亲年龄较大均与ASD风险增加独立相关。然而，虽然1994年至2001年NYC出生队列中父母生育年龄有所增加，但这并不能解释ASD病例数量的增加。
