Gonzalez-Delgado Mery, Gómez-Dantés Héctor, Fernández-Niño Julián Alfredo, Robles Eduardo, Borja Víctor H, Aguilar Miriam
Escuela de Salud Pública de México, Cuernavaca, México.
Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud (CISS), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 19;10(3):e0121490. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121490. eCollection 2015.
To identify the factors associated with fatal occupational injuries in Mexico in 2012 among workers affiliated with the Mexican Social Security Institute.
Analysis of secondary data using information from the National Occupational Risk Information System, with the consequence of the occupational injury (fatal versus non-fatal) as the response variable. The analysis included 406,222 non-fatal and 1,140 fatal injuries from 2012. The factors associated with the lethality of the injury were identified using a logistic regression model with the Firth approach.
Being male (OR=5.86; CI95%: 4.22-8.14), age (OR=1.04; CI95%: 1.03-1.06), employed in the position for 1 to 10 years (versus less than 1 year) (OR=1.37; CI95%: 1.15-1.63), working as a facilities or machine operator or assembler (OR: 3.28; CI95%: 2.12- 5.07) and being a worker without qualifications (OR=1.96; CI95%: 1.18-3.24) (versus an office worker) were associated with fatality in the event of an injury. Additionally, companies classified as maximum risk (OR=1.90; CI 95%: 1.38-2.62), workplace conditions (OR=7.15; CI95%: 3.63-14.10) and factors related to the work environment (OR=9.18; CI95%:4.36-19.33) were identified as risk factors for fatality in the event of an occupational injury.
Fatality in the event of an occupational injury is associated with factors related to sociodemographics (age, sex and occupation), the work environment and workplace conditions. Worker protection policies should be created for groups with a higher risk of fatal occupational injuries in Mexico.
确定2012年墨西哥社会保障局附属机构的工人中与致命职业伤害相关的因素。
利用国家职业风险信息系统的数据进行二次数据分析，将职业伤害的后果（致命与非致命）作为响应变量。分析纳入了2012年的406,222起非致命伤害和1,140起致命伤害。采用Firth方法的逻辑回归模型确定与伤害致死率相关的因素。
男性（比值比=5.86；95%置信区间：4.22 - 8.14）、年龄（比值比=1.04；95%置信区间：1.03 - 1.06）、在该岗位工作1至10年（对比少于1年）（比值比=1.37；95%置信区间：1.15 - 1.63）、从事设施或机器操作员或装配工工作（比值比：3.28；95%置信区间：2.12 - 5.07）以及为无资质工人（比值比=1.96；95%置信区间：1.18 - 3.24）（对比办公室职员）与受伤时的死亡相关。此外，被归类为高风险的公司（比值比=1.90；95%置信区间：1.38 - 2.62）、工作场所条件（比值比=7.15；95%置信区间：3.63 - 14.10）以及与工作环境相关的因素（比值比=9.18；95%置信区间：4.36 - 19.33）被确定为职业伤害时死亡的风险因素。
职业伤害时的死亡与社会人口统计学因素（年龄、性别和职业）、工作环境和工作场所条件相关。应为墨西哥职业致命伤害风险较高的群体制定工人保护政策。
