Pinheiro Ralph, Panfil Claudia, Schrage Norbert, Dutescu Ralf Michael
Aachen Centre of Technology Transfer in Ophthalmology (ACTO e.V.), An-Institute, RWTH University, Aachen - Germany.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2015 Sep-Oct;25(5):379-84. doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000593. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
To evaluate the impact of lubricant eyedrops on the corneal healing process and corneal toxicity.
Optive® and Cationorm® were tested regarding corneal irritability against Vismed Multi® and 0.01% benzalkonium chloride as negative and positive control, respectively. Formulas were applied on rabbit corneas (n = 5) cultured on artificial anterior chambers (EVEIT system) hourly over 3 days. Initially, 4 corneal abrasions (2-5.4 mm²) were induced. All defects were monitored during drug application by fluorescein stains and photographs. To ensure corneal vitality, glucose and lactate concentrations were determined photometrically in artificial anterior chamber fluids. Corneal fluorescein sodium permeability was tested as an indicator of the corneal barrier function.
Optive® and Vismed Multi® showed a complete corneal healing on day 2. In one cornea (Optive®), erosion reoccurred on day 3. Erosion sizes of Cationorm®-treated corneas increased significantly from 12.20 mm² to a subtotal erosion of 51.89 mm² on day 3. Histology revealed epithelial loss and severe alterations of the superficial stroma for Cationorm®. Glucose and lactate concentrations did not change after application of Optive® and Vismed Multi®. In contrast, Cationorm®- and BAC-treated corneas showed a significant increase in lactate concentrations.
Vismed Multi® application resulted in rapid corneal healing. Whether the toxicity seen for Optive® in one cornea is a valid result should be examined further. Cationorm® showed considerable corneal toxicity that could be caused by its additive, cetalkonium chloride. Otherwise, the electrostatic properties of Cationorm® led to a drug film on the area of epithelial loss that could hinder epithelial cell migration and adhesion in order to heal the lesion.
评估润滑眼药水对角膜愈合过程和角膜毒性的影响。
分别以Vismed Multi®和0.01%苯扎氯铵作为阴性和阳性对照，测试了Optive®和Cationorm®对角膜的刺激性。将配方制剂每小时应用于在人工前房（EVEIT系统）中培养的兔角膜（n = 5）上，持续3天。最初，诱导产生4处角膜擦伤（2 - 5.4平方毫米）。在给药期间，通过荧光素染色和拍照监测所有缺损情况。为确保角膜活力，采用光度法测定人工前房液中的葡萄糖和乳酸浓度。测试角膜荧光素钠通透性作为角膜屏障功能的指标。
Optive®和Vismed Multi®在第2天时角膜完全愈合。在一只使用Optive®的角膜中，第3天出现了糜烂复发。用Cationorm®处理的角膜糜烂面积在第3天从12.20平方毫米显著增加至51.89平方毫米的大面积糜烂。组织学检查显示，Cationorm®导致上皮细胞缺失和浅层基质严重改变。应用Optive®和Vismed Multi®后，葡萄糖和乳酸浓度未发生变化。相比之下，用Cationorm®和苯扎氯铵处理的角膜乳酸浓度显著升高。
应用Vismed Multi®可使角膜快速愈合。Optive®在一只角膜中出现的毒性是否为有效结果有待进一步研究。Cationorm®表现出相当大的角膜毒性，这可能是由其添加剂西他氯铵引起的。此外，Cationorm®的静电特性导致上皮细胞缺失区域形成药物膜，这可能会阻碍上皮细胞迁移和黏附，从而影响损伤愈合。
