Rodrigues Edmo M, Kalks Karlos H M, Tótola Marcos R
Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade para o Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade para o Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Environ Manage. 2015 Jun 1;156:15-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.03.016. Epub 2015 Mar 16.
In the present study, acrylic coupons with a thin layer of oil on the surface were incubated in the coastal water of Trindade Island, Brazil, for 60 days. The microorganisms adhered to the coupons were isolated using enrichment medium with hexadecane and naphthalene as the sole carbon and energy source. A total of 15 bacterial isolates were obtained, and the ability of these isolates to use different hydrocarbons as the source of carbon and energy was investigated. None of the isolates produced biosurfactants under our experimental conditions. Subsequently, identification methods such as partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and analysis of fatty acids (MIDI) profile were employed. Among the 15 isolates, representatives of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Alphaproteobacteria were detected. The isolates Rhodococcus rhodochrous TRN7 and Nocardia farcinica TRH1 were able to use all the hydrocarbons added to the culture medium (toluene, octane, xylene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, hexadecane, anthracene, eicosane, tetracosane, triacontane, and pentacontane). Polymerase chain reaction amplification of the DNA isolated by employing primers for catechol 2,3-dioxygenase, alkane dehydrogenase and the alpha subunit of hydroxylating dioxygenases polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon rings genes demonstrated that various isolates capable of utilizing hydrocarbons do not exhibit genes of known routes of catabolism, suggesting the existence of unknown catabolic pathways in these microorganisms. Our findings suggest that the microbiota associated to the coast of tropical oceanic islands has the ability to assist in environmental regeneration in cases of accidents involving oil spills in its shore. Thus, it motivates studies to map bioremediation strategies using the autochthonous microbiota from these environments.
在本研究中，将表面带有一层薄油的丙烯酸试片置于巴西特林达德岛的沿海水域中孵育60天。使用以十六烷和萘作为唯一碳源和能源的富集培养基，分离粘附在试片上的微生物。共获得15株细菌分离物，并研究了这些分离物利用不同碳氢化合物作为碳源和能源的能力。在我们的实验条件下，没有分离物产生生物表面活性剂。随后，采用了16S rRNA基因部分测序和脂肪酸（MIDI）谱分析等鉴定方法。在这15株分离物中，检测到了放线菌门、厚壁菌门和α-变形菌纲的代表菌。红平红球菌TRN7和诺卡氏菌TRH1分离物能够利用添加到培养基中的所有碳氢化合物（甲苯、辛烷、二甲苯、萘、菲、芘、十六烷、蒽、二十烷、二十四烷、三十烷和五十烷）。使用儿茶酚2,3-双加氧酶、烷烃脱氢酶和多环芳烃环羟基化双加氧酶α亚基的引物对分离的DNA进行聚合酶链反应扩增，结果表明，各种能够利用碳氢化合物的分离物未表现出已知分解代谢途径的基因，这表明这些微生物中存在未知的分解代谢途径。我们的研究结果表明，与热带海洋岛屿海岸相关的微生物群有能力在其海岸发生涉及石油泄漏的事故时协助环境再生。因此，这激发了利用这些环境中的本地微生物群绘制生物修复策略的研究。
