Ortega-Bonilla Rubén A, Chito-Trujillo Diana M
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal,
Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia,
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2014 Jul-Aug;16(4):547-59.
Malnutrition affects most rural areas in Colombian, mainly involving the school-aged population. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of students (n=1,528) attending an Agricultural College in the town of Argelia in south-western Colombia in the Cauca department.
The school-aged childrens weight and height were measured and their nutritional status was determined from their body mass index (BMI), according to criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). Anthropometric measurements were analyzed by means of measures of central tendency, stratified by gender and age. The standard error of the difference was estimated to specify the statistical significance of some of the most important differences observed between study indicators; such significance was verified at 0.05 level.
Prevalence regarding malnutrition and thinness in 5-10 years-old children, a trend towards obesity in adolescents and growth retardation in children and adolescents was established from analysis of the children's weight (P/E), height for age (H/A) and BMI.
The results suggested that sports should be encouraged at an early age, as well as training school children and their families regarding healthy eating habits and thus provide scientific support for planning government healthcare agencies prevention and control strategies.
营养不良影响着哥伦比亚的大部分农村地区，主要涉及学龄人口。本研究的目的是评估就读于哥伦比亚西南部考卡省阿尔赫利亚镇一所农业学院的1528名学生的营养状况。
测量学龄儿童的体重和身高，并根据世界卫生组织（WHO）定义的标准，通过其体重指数（BMI）确定他们的营养状况。人体测量数据通过集中趋势测量进行分析，并按性别和年龄分层。估计差异的标准误差，以确定研究指标之间观察到的一些最重要差异的统计学意义；这种显著性在0.05水平上得到验证。
通过对儿童体重（P/E）、年龄别身高（H/A）和BMI的分析，确定了5至10岁儿童营养不良和消瘦的患病率、青少年肥胖趋势以及儿童和青少年生长发育迟缓情况。
结果表明，应从小鼓励体育活动，同时培训学童及其家庭养成健康的饮食习惯，从而为政府卫生保健机构制定预防和控制策略提供科学支持。
