Renigunta Vijay, Schlichthörl Günter, Daut Jürgen
Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
Pflugers Arch. 2015 May;467(5):867-94. doi: 10.1007/s00424-015-1703-7. Epub 2015 Mar 21.
Over the last decade, we have seen an enormous increase in the number of experimental studies on two-pore-domain potassium channels (K2P-channels). The collection of reviews and original articles compiled for this special issue of Pflügers Archiv aims to give an up-to-date summary of what is known about the physiology and pathophysiology of K2P-channels. This introductory overview briefly describes the structure of K2P-channels and their function in different organs. Its main aim is to provide some background information for the 19 reviews and original articles of this special issue of Pflügers Archiv. It is not intended to be a comprehensive review; instead, this introductory overview focuses on some unresolved questions and controversial issues, such as: Do K2P-channels display voltage-dependent gating? Do K2P-channels contribute to the generation of action potentials? What is the functional role of alternative translation initiation? Do K2P-channels have one or two or more gates? We come to the conclusion that we are just beginning to understand the extremely complex regulation of these fascinating channels, which are often inadequately described as 'leak channels'.
在过去十年中，我们看到关于双孔域钾通道（K2P通道）的实验研究数量大幅增加。为《 Pflügers Archiv》这一特刊汇编的综述和原创文章集旨在对K2P通道的生理学和病理生理学的现有知识进行最新总结。本介绍性概述简要描述了K2P通道的结构及其在不同器官中的功能。其主要目的是为《 Pflügers Archiv》这一特刊的19篇综述和原创文章提供一些背景信息。它并非旨在成为一篇全面的综述；相反，本介绍性概述聚焦于一些未解决的问题和有争议的问题，例如：K2P通道是否表现出电压依赖性门控？K2P通道是否参与动作电位的产生？可变翻译起始的功能作用是什么？K2P通道有一个、两个还是更多个门控？我们得出结论：我们才刚刚开始理解这些迷人通道极其复杂的调节机制，而这些通道常常被不恰当地描述为“渗漏通道”。
