Pulmonology Department, La Princesa Institute for Health Research, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2015 Mar 12;11:407-15. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S75208. eCollection 2015.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a fatal inherited disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene whose mortality is conditioned by a progressive decline in lung function. Bacterial infections play a key role in this decline. Chronic bacterial infection in CF patients varies over time and the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum is a marker of poor prognosis. P. aeruginosa is eradicated from the airways using inhaled antibiotics administered in various formulations and devices. Antipseudomonal antibiotics have extended the survival of CF patients to 40 years. Tobramycin is a bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic with demonstrated activity against gram-negative microorganisms. Initially, the drug was administered as an inhaled parenteral solution. Subsequently, a specific tobramycin inhalation solution was developed. PulmoSphere™ technology enables dry tobramycin powder to be formulated for inhalation (tobramycin inhalation powder) using a small and portable capsule-based breath-activated device (T-326). Chronic colonization by P. aeruginosa is the main indication for aerosol antibiotic therapy. The American Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, European guidelines, and Spanish consensus guidelines provide different recommendations for eradication.
囊性纤维化（CF）是一种致命的遗传性疾病，由 CF 跨膜电导调节因子（CFTR）基因突变引起，其死亡率取决于肺功能的逐渐下降。细菌感染在这种下降中起着关键作用。CF 患者的慢性细菌感染随时间而变化，痰中铜绿假单胞菌的存在是预后不良的标志。通过使用各种配方和设备吸入抗生素，可以从气道中清除铜绿假单胞菌。抗假单胞菌抗生素将 CF 患者的生存时间延长至 40 年。妥布霉素是一种具有杀菌作用的氨基糖苷类抗生素，对革兰氏阴性微生物具有活性。最初，该药物作为吸入性的注射用溶液给药。随后，开发了一种特定的妥布霉素吸入溶液。PulmoSphere™技术可使用小型便携式基于胶囊的呼吸激活装置（T-326）将妥布霉素干粉制成可吸入的干粉制剂（妥布霉素吸入粉）。铜绿假单胞菌的慢性定植是气溶胶抗生素治疗的主要指征。美国囊性纤维化基金会、欧洲指南和西班牙共识指南提供了不同的根除建议。
