Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center.
VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle Division.
Psychol Trauma. 2015 Jan;7(1):43-9. doi: 10.1037/a0037434. Epub 2014 Aug 18.
Given the theoretical and empirical associations among posttraumatic stress, shame, and interpersonal aggression, this study examined whether trait shame accounts for the associations between posttraumatic stress and aggressive behavior in a sample of 103 men with a history of interpersonal trauma. Results indicated that trait shame accounted for the associations of posttraumatic stress with the variety of both physically and psychologically aggressive behavior, as well as with the frequency of physical aggression. This study also examined trait guilt, given its conceptual relationship to both shame and posttraumatic stress; unlike trait shame, trait guilt did not account for the association between posttraumatic stress and the variety of physically aggressive acts. Additionally, although trait guilt reduced the association between posttraumatic stress and the frequency of physical aggression, the indirect path including guilt was nonsignificant. Taken together, the present study supports existing theories suggesting that shame, but not guilt, may contribute to aggressive behavior, especially among individuals with histories of traumatic exposure.
鉴于创伤后应激、羞耻和人际攻击之间的理论和经验关联，本研究在 103 名有人际创伤史的男性样本中，检验了特质羞耻是否可以解释创伤后应激与攻击行为之间的关联。结果表明，特质羞耻可以解释创伤后应激与各种身体和心理攻击行为以及身体攻击频率之间的关联。本研究还检验了特质内疚，因为内疚与羞耻和创伤后应激都有概念上的关系；与特质羞耻不同，特质内疚并不能解释创伤后应激与各种身体攻击行为之间的关联。此外，尽管特质内疚降低了创伤后应激与身体攻击频率之间的关联，但包括内疚的间接路径并不显著。综上所述，本研究支持了现有的理论，即羞耻而非内疚可能导致攻击行为，尤其是在有创伤暴露史的个体中。
