Department of Psychology, University of Toledo.
The National Centre for Psychotraumatology, University of Southern Denmark.
Psychol Trauma. 2015 Mar;7(2):138-45. doi: 10.1037/a0037112. Epub 2014 Aug 18.
Research indicates a significant relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anger (Olatunji, Ciesielski, & Tolin, 2010; Orth & Wieland, 2006). Individuals may seek urgent coping to deal with the distress of anger, which is a mobilizing and action-oriented emotion (Novaco & Chemtob, 2002); possibly in the form of impulsive actions consistent with impulsivity's association with anger (Milligan & Waller, 2001; Whiteside & Lynam, 2001). This could be 1 of the explanations for the relationship between PTSD and impulsivity (Kotler, Julian, Efront, & Amir, 2001; Ledgerwood & Petry, 2006). The present study assessed the mediating role of anger between PTSD (overall scores and subscales of arousal and negative alterations in mood/cognitions) and impulsivity, using gender as a covariate of impulsivity. The PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), Dimensions of Anger Reaction scale-5, and the UPPS Impulsivity Scale were administered to a sample of 244 undergraduate students with a trauma history. Results based on 1000 bootstrapped samples indicated significant direct effects of PTSD (overall and 2 subscales) on anger, of anger on impulsivity, and of PTSD (overall and 2 subscales) on impulsivity. Further, anger significantly mediated the relationship between PTSD (overall and 2 subscales) and impulsivity, consistent with the hypothesized models. Results suggest that impulsivity aims at coping with distressing anger, possibly explaining the presence of substance usage, and other impulsive behaviors in people with PTSD. Further, anger probably serves as a mobilizing and action-oriented emotion coupled with PTSD symptoms.
研究表明，创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与愤怒之间存在显著关系（Olatunji、Ciesielski 和 Tolin，2010；Orth 和 Wieland，2006）。个体可能会寻求紧急应对策略来处理愤怒的困扰，因为愤怒是一种动员和行动导向的情绪（Novaco 和 Chemtob，2002）；可能是以冲动行为的形式，这种冲动行为与愤怒有关（Milligan 和 Waller，2001；Whiteside 和 Lynam，2001）。这可能是 PTSD 与冲动之间关系的一个解释（Kotler、Julian、Efront 和 Amir，2001；Ledgerwood 和 Petry，2006）。本研究使用性别作为冲动的协变量，评估了愤怒在 PTSD（整体得分和唤醒与情绪/认知负性改变子量表）与冲动之间的中介作用。使用创伤后应激障碍检查表（DSM-5）、愤怒反应量表-5 维度和 UPPS 冲动量表对 244 名有创伤史的本科生进行了评估。基于 1000 个自举样本的结果表明，PTSD（整体和 2 个子量表）对愤怒、愤怒对冲动、PTSD（整体和 2 个子量表）对冲动均有显著的直接影响。此外，愤怒显著中介了 PTSD（整体和 2 个子量表）与冲动之间的关系，与假设模型一致。结果表明，冲动旨在应对痛苦的愤怒，这可能解释了 PTSD 患者存在物质使用和其他冲动行为的原因。此外，愤怒可能是一种动员和行动导向的情绪，与 PTSD 症状有关。
