Rinaldo Mickael, Andujar Pascal, Lacourt Aude, Martinon Laurent, Canal Raffin Mireille, Dumortier Pascal, Pairon Jean-Claude, Brochard Patrick
2.Faculté de médecine, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat CS 61292 F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France 2.Faculté de médecine, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat CS 61292 F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
7.Laboratoire d'étude des particules inhalées de la Ville de Paris, 11, rue George EastmanF-75013 Paris, France.
Ann Occup Hyg. 2015 Jul;59(6):669-80. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/mev015. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
Given the results of experimental studies, occupational or environmental exposures to manufactured nanoparticles or to unintentionally produced ultrafine particles may result in health effects or diseases in humans. In this review, we synthesize published data of experimental studies on the distribution of inhaled nanoparticles and the first case reports to discuss the potential usefulness of their biological monitoring for clinical purposes. Toxicokinetic studies suggest that nanoparticles may be absorbed predominantly by respiratory and oral routes with possible systemic translocation, leading to accumulation in the peripheral organs or excretion in feces or urine. Some methods used in these studies may be applied successfully in retrospective evaluation of exposure or in follow-up of occupational exposure in the workplace. Biological monitoring of nanoparticles should be based on imaging methods that are essential to confirm their presence and to characterize them in tissue associated with analytical quantitative methods. The first case reports reviewed emphasize the urgent need for the development of standardized procedures for the preparation and analysis of biological samples with a view to characterizing and quantifying nanoparticles.
鉴于实验研究结果，职业性或环境性接触人造纳米颗粒或无意产生的超细颗粒可能会对人类健康产生影响或引发疾病。在本综述中，我们综合了已发表的关于吸入纳米颗粒分布的实验研究数据以及首批病例报告，以讨论其生物监测在临床应用中的潜在用途。毒代动力学研究表明，纳米颗粒可能主要通过呼吸道和口腔途径被吸收，并可能发生全身转运，导致在外周器官中蓄积或通过粪便或尿液排出。这些研究中使用的一些方法可能成功应用于接触的回顾性评估或工作场所职业接触的随访。纳米颗粒的生物监测应基于成像方法，这对于确认其存在并在与分析定量方法相关的组织中对其进行表征至关重要。所审查的首批病例报告强调，迫切需要制定标准化程序来制备和分析生物样品，以便对纳米颗粒进行表征和定量。
