Golmaryami Farrah N, Frick Paul J, Hemphill Sheryl A, Kahn Rachel E, Crapanzano Annie M, Terranova Andrew M
University of New Orleans, New Orleans, USA.
Department of Psychology, Geology/Psychology Building, The University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70148, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2016 Feb;44(2):381-91. doi: 10.1007/s10802-015-9994-x.
Bullying is a prevalent problem in schools that is associated with a number of negative outcomes for both the child who bullies and his or her victims. In a community sample of 284 ethnically diverse school-children (54.2 % girls) between the ages of 9 and 14 years (M = 11.28, SD = 1.82), the current study examined whether the level of victimization moderated the association between bullying and several behavioral, social, and emotional characteristics. These characteristics were specifically chosen to integrate research on distinct developmental pathways to conduct problems with research on the characteristics shown by children who bully others. Results indicated that both bullying and victimization were independently associated with conduct problems. However, there was an interaction between bullying and victimization in the prediction of callous-unemotional (CU) traits, such that the association between bullying and CU traits was stronger for those lower on victimization. Further, bullying was positively associated with positive attitudes towards bullying and anger expression and neither of these associations were moderated by the level of victimization. In contrast, bullying was not associated with the child's perceived problems regulating anger, suggesting that children with higher levels of bullying admit to expressing anger but consider this emotional expression as being under their control.
欺凌是学校中普遍存在的问题，对欺凌者及其受害者都会产生一系列负面后果。在一个由284名9至14岁（平均年龄M = 11.28，标准差SD = 1.82）的不同种族学童组成的社区样本中（女孩占54.2%），本研究探讨了受欺凌程度是否会调节欺凌行为与若干行为、社交和情绪特征之间的关联。这些特征经过特意挑选，旨在将关于不同发展路径与行为问题的研究，与欺凌他人的儿童所表现出的特征研究相结合。结果表明，欺凌行为和受欺凌经历都与行为问题独立相关。然而，在冷酷无情（CU）特质的预测方面，欺凌行为和受欺凌经历之间存在交互作用，即对于受欺凌程度较低的儿童，欺凌行为与CU特质之间的关联更强。此外，欺凌行为与对欺凌的积极态度以及愤怒表达呈正相关，且这些关联均不受受欺凌程度的调节。相比之下，欺凌行为与儿童感知到的愤怒调节问题无关，这表明欺凌程度较高的儿童承认会表达愤怒，但认为这种情绪表达在他们的控制之下。
